laghdaigh

Irish

Alternative forms

laghduigh, laigheaduigh, luigheadaigh, luigheaduigh (obsolete)^[1]

Etymology

From Middle Irish lagdaigid. By surface analysis, laghad +‎ -igh.

Pronunciation

(Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈl̪ˠeːd̪ˠi/, (older) /ˈl̪ˠɤːd̪ˠi/^[2]

Verb

laghdaigh (present analytic laghdaíonn, future analytic laghdóidh, verbal noun laghdú, past participle laghdaithe)

(ambitransitive) to lessen, diminish, decrease, reduce, abate [with direct object or ar]
Synonym: beagaigh
(ditransitive) to cost (a person an amount)
Synonym: cosain

nár laghdaigh scilling é ― which cost him not a shilling

Usage notes

This verb can be used transitively, but it is often used intransitively with ar to express a transitive meaning, for example laghdú ar phionós (“to reduce a penalty”).

Conjugation

Conjugation of *laghdaigh* (second conjugation)
indicative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
indicative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	laghdaím	laghdaíonn tú; laghdaír^†	laghdaíonn sé, sí	laghdaímid; laghdaíonn muid	laghdaíonn sibh	laghdaíonn siad; laghdaíd^†	a laghdaíonn; a laghdaíos	laghdaítear
past	laghdaigh mé; laghdaíos	laghdaigh tú; laghdaís	laghdaigh sé, sí	laghdaíomar; laghdaigh muid	laghdaigh sibh; laghdaíobhair	laghdaigh siad; laghdaíodar	a laghdaigh	laghdaíodh
past habitual	laghdaínn	laghdaíteá	laghdaíodh sé, sí	laghdaímis; laghdaíodh muid	laghdaíodh sibh	laghdaídís; laghdaíodh	a laghdaíodh	laghdaítí

	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
future	laghdóidh mé; laghdód; laghdóchaidh mé^†	laghdóidh tú; laghdóir^†; laghdóchaidh tú^†	laghdóidh sé, sí; laghdóchaidh sé, sí^†	laghdóimid; laghdóidh muid; laghdóchaimid^†; laghdóchaidh muid^†	laghdóidh sibh; laghdóchaidh sibh^†	laghdóidh siad; laghdóid^†; laghdóchaidh siad^†	a laghdóidh; a laghdós; a laghdóchaidh^†; a laghdóchas^†	laghdófar; laghdóchar^†
conditional	laghdóinn; laghdóchainn^†	laghdófá; laghdóchthá^†	laghdódh sé, sí; laghdóchadh sé, sí^†	laghdóimis; laghdódh muid; laghdóchaimis^†; laghdóchadh muid^†	laghdódh sibh; laghdóchadh sibh^†	laghdóidís; laghdódh siad; laghdóchaidís^†; laghdóchadh siad^†	a laghdódh; a laghdóchadh^†	laghdófaí; laghdóchthaí^†

subjunctive	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
subjunctive	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	go laghdaí mé; go laghdaíod^†	go laghdaí tú; go laghdaír^†	go laghdaí sé, sí	go laghdaímid; go laghdaí muid	go laghdaí sibh	go laghdaí siad; go laghdaíd^†	—	go laghdaítear
past	dá laghdaínn	dá laghdaíteá	dá laghdaíodh sé, sí	dá laghdaímis; dá laghdaíodh muid	dá laghdaíodh sibh	dá laghdaídís; dá laghdaíodh siad	—	dá laghdaítí

imperative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
imperative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
—	laghdaím	laghdaigh	laghdaíodh sé, sí	laghdaímis	laghdaígí; laghdaídh^†	laghdaídís	—	laghdaítear

past participle	laghdaithe

verbal noun	laghdú

^† archaic or dialect form
^‡ dependent form

Antonyms

méadaigh

Derived terms

laghdaithe (“diminished (also as a musical term)”)

References

^ “laghdaigh”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 218, page 81