kota
Cebuano
Etymology
From English quota, from Latin quota, from Latin quota pars.
Noun
kota
Esperanto
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkota/
Audio 1: (file) Audio 2: (file) - Rhymes: -ota
- Syllabification: ko‧ta
Adjective
kota (accusative singular kotan, plural kotaj, accusative plural kotajn)
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kota (compare Estonian koda), from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kota (compare Erzya кудо (kudo), Hungarian ház).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkotɑ/, [ˈko̞t̪ɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -otɑ
- Syllabification(key): ko‧ta
- Hyphenation(key): ko‧ta
Noun
kota
- A conical or hemispherical shelter with an open fireplace in the middle, usually supported by a frame of wooden poles and covered with a variety of materials including hides, textile fabric, peat and timber; known in some English texts by its Northern Sami name goahti.
- Specifically, a saamelaiskota.
- (botany) capsule
- core of an apple
- Synonym: kara
Declension
| Inflection of kota (Kotus type 10*F/koira, t-d gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kota | kodat | |
| genitive | kodan | kotien | |
| partitive | kotaa | kotia | |
| illative | kotaan | kotiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kota | kodat | |
| accusative | nom. | kota | kodat |
| gen. | kodan | ||
| genitive | kodan | kotien kotain rare | |
| partitive | kotaa | kotia | |
| inessive | kodassa | kodissa | |
| elative | kodasta | kodista | |
| illative | kotaan | kotiin | |
| adessive | kodalla | kodilla | |
| ablative | kodalta | kodilta | |
| allative | kodalle | kodille | |
| essive | kotana | kotina | |
| translative | kodaksi | kodiksi | |
| abessive | kodatta | koditta | |
| instructive | — | kodin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of kota (Kotus type 10*F/koira, t-d gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
See also
References
Further reading
- “kota”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023
Anagrams
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈkota/ [ˈko.t̪a]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ota
- Syllabification: ko‧ta
Etymology 1
From Malay kota, from Classical Malay kota, from Tamil கோட்டம் (kōṭṭam, “city”) or Sanskrit कोट्ट (koṭṭa, “city”).
- The sense in government was coined by Indonesian politician Teuku Muhammad Hasan in 1945 to translate Dutch gemeente or stadsgemeente.
- Displaced Dutch stad (“city, town”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.
Noun
kota (plural kota-kota)
- city,
- (demography, urban studies) a large settlement, bigger than a town; sometimes with a specific legal definition, depending on the place
- (government) the second-level urban administrative division in Indonesia
- urbs (walled city)
Usage notes
- the sense of second-level urban administrative division is used since 1999. The previous term for second-level urban administrative division are kota madya (1965-1999) and kota praja (~1965). The second-level urban administrative division in Java during colonial period were Dutch stadsgemeente (literally “urban commune”) and Japanese 市 (shi, “city”) which romanised as si
- before 1999, kota was used to describe urban administrative division, which can be a first-level administrative division (kota raya), a second-level administrative division (kota madya), a third-level administrative division (kota administratif), or a fourth-level administrative division (kota kecamatan)
Hyponyms
- kota administratif
- Kota Angin
- Kota Angin Mamiri
- Kota Apel
- kota asal
- Kota Bahari
- Kota Baja
- kota baru
- kota baru publik
- Kota Batik
- Kota Bawang
- Kota Belimbing
- Kota Bengkuang
- kota besar
- Kota Bestari
- Kota Buaya
- kota cerdas
- Kota Daeng
- Kota Dodol
- Kota Domba
- Kota Emas
- Kota Garam
- kota gerbang
- Kota Getuk
- kota global
- Kota Gudeg
- Kota Gurindam
- kota hantu
- kota hijau
- Kota Hujan
- kota industri
- Kota Injil
- Kota Intan
- kota inti
- kota jasa
- Kota Kain Tapis
- Kota Kaledo
- Kota Karang
- kota kecil
- kota kelahiran
- Kota Kembang
- Kota Khatulistiwa
- kota kompak
- kota kosmopolitan
- Kota Kretek
- kota lama
- kota layak anak
- kota lestari
- Kota Lima Dimensi
- Kota Liwet
- Kota Lumpia
- kota madya
- kota mandiri
- Kota Mangga
- kota mati
- kota megalopolitan
- kota megapolitan
- kota metropolis
- kota metropolitan
- kota mode
- Kota Pahlawan
- Kota Patriot
- kota pelabuhan
- Kota Pelajar
- Kota Peradaban Orang Papua
- kota perdagangan
- kota pesisir
- kota pinggiran
- kota pintar
- kota praja
- Kota Proklamator
- kota pusaka
- kota pusat religi
- kota raja
- kota raya
- Kota Reinha Rosari
- Kota Rusa
- Kota Santri
- kota satelit
- kota satelit mandiri
- Kota Satria
- kota sedang
- kota sepeda
- Kota Sepenggal Surga
- Kota Serambi Madinah
- Kota Serambi Mekah
- Kota Seribu Kelenteng
- Kota Seribu Papan
- Kota Seribu Pinang
- Kota Seribu Satu Sungai
- Kota Seribu Sungai
- Kota Soto
- kota suci
- Kota Susu
- Kota Telur Asin
- Kota Tepian
- kota terencana
- kota terpadu mandiri
- kota tertutup
- Kota Tinutuan
- kota tua
- Kota Udang
- Kota Wali
Derived terms
- berkota
- kekota-kotaan
- kekotaan
- mengota
- mengotai
- mengotakan
- pengotaan
- perkotaan
Etymology 2
Unknown (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Root
kota
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Serua [Term?].
Noun
kota (plural kota-kota)
- a small box made of pandan leaves, a place to store valuables, usually carried by the Serua indigenous people
Etymology 4
Borrowed from Kur [Term?], probably cognate of Etymology 1.
Noun
kota (plural kota-kota)
- a garden that has been fenced with a stone fence
Etymology 5
Borrowed from Blagar [Term?], probably cognate of Etymology 1.
Noun
kota (plural kota-kota)
- fence made of coral piles
Further reading
- “kota”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016
Javanese
Noun
kota
- nonstandard spelling of kutha
Kituba
Verb
kota
Kongo
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-kót.
Verb
kota
Lingala
Etymology
Verb
-kota (infinitive kokota)
- to enter
Lower Sorbian
Noun
kota
- superseded spelling of kóta
Makasar
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkota]
Verb
kota (Lontara spelling ᨀᨚᨈ, semi-transitive anngota)
- (transitive) to chew
Malay
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit कोट्ट (koṭṭa) or Tamil கோட்டம் (kōṭṭam).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kota/
- (schwa-variety) IPA(key): [ko.tə]
Audio (Malaysia): (file)
- (Baku) IPA(key): [kɔ.ta]
Audio (Malaysia): (file)
- (schwa-variety) IPA(key): [ko.tə]
- Rhymes: -ta, -a
- Hyphenation: ko‧ta
Noun
kota (Jawi spelling کوتا, plural kota-kota or kota2)
- (uncommon) A fort.
- (obsolete) A rampart.
- City:
- (usually historical) A city.[1]
- Synonyms: bandar, bandar raya, kota raya
- The city as opposed to the countryside.
- (usually historical) A city.[1]
- One's dwelling area.
Usage notes
- ^ In reference to a city, kota is usually used in reference to ancient cities such as that of ancient Rome. With modern cities, it is the word bandar instead that is usually used. This results in a differentiation in speech between the Rome of antiquity and the Rome of the modern age where the former is referred to as kota Rome whereas the latter is referred to as bandar Rome.
Affixations
Compounds
Descendants
- > Indonesian: kota (inherited)
- > Peranakan Indonesian: kota (inherited)
- → Chinese: 谷達 / 谷达[1]
- → Swahili: ukuta
- → Tagalog: kuta
See also
References
- ^ Schmoldt, A.; Benthe, H. F.; Haberland, G. (October 2024), “Seventeenth-century Malay wordlists and their potential for etymological scholarship”, in Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia, volume 25, number 3, , page 566
Further reading
- "kota" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
Peranakan Indonesian
Etymology
Noun
kota
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɔ.ta/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɔta
- Syllabification: ko‧ta
Noun
kota m
- accusative/genitive singular of kot
Slavomolisano
Etymology
From Serbo-Croatian kotao.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kǒta/
Noun
kota m
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | kota |
kotla |
| genitive | kotla |
kotli |
| dative | kotlu |
kotli |
| accusative | kota |
kotla |
| locative | kotlu |
kotla |
| instrumental | kotlom, kotlam |
kotli |
References
- Walter Breu and Giovanni Piccoli (2000), Dizionario croato molisano di Acquaviva Collecroce: Dizionario plurilingue della lingua slava della minoranza di provenienza dalmata di Acquaviva Collecroce in Provincia di Campobasso (Parte grammaticale).
Swedish
Noun
kota c
Declension
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | kota | kotas |
| definite | kotan | kotans | |
| plural | indefinite | kotor | kotors |
| definite | kotorna | kotornas |
Derived terms
References
Anagrams
Tagalog
Alternative forms
- kuwota
- kuta
Etymology
Borrowed from Spanish cuota (“quota”).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈkota/ [ˈkoː.t̪ɐ]
- Rhymes: -ota
- Syllabification: ko‧ta
Noun
kota (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜆ)
Derived terms
- kotahan
- makakota
Anagrams
Tumbuka
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Bantu *kʊ̀jóta.
Infinitive
kota
- infinitive of -ota (“to warm oneself in the sun”).
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish قوته (kota), from French quota.
Noun
kota (definite accusative kotayı, plural kotalar)
Further reading
- Robert Avery et al., editors (2013), “kota2”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “kota”, in Nişanyan Sözlük