kalian
English
Etymology 1
From New Latin kalium + -ian.
Adjective
kalian (not comparable)
- (mineralogy) Containing potassium.
- Synonym: potassian
Etymology 2
Noun
kalian (plural kalians)
- A hookah.
Anagrams
Esperanto
Adjective
kalian
- accusative singular of kalia
Indonesian
Etymology
Inherited from Malay kalian, a clipping of sekalian, from se- + kali + -an.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /kaˈlian/ [kaˈli.an]
- Rhymes: -an
- Syllabification: ka‧li‧an
Pronoun
kalian
- you (plural)
Determiner
kalian
- your (plural)
Further reading
- “kalian”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016
Malay
Alternative forms
Etymology
Clipping of sekalian, equivalent to se- + kali + -an.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ka.li.an]
Audio (Malaysia): (file)
- Rhymes: -ian, -an
- Hyphenation: ka‧li‧an
Pronoun
kalian (Jawi spelling کالين)
- (archaic) Second person plural pronoun; you (plural), you all, you guys.
- Synonyms: awak semua, kamu semua, kau orang, hangpa (Kedah), kome (Perak)
- Janganlah kalian mendekati perkara yang sudah dilarang-Nya.
- Don't approach things that have been prohibited by Him.
Usage notes
- kalian as a pronoun is very rarely used in Malaysian Malay except in religious texts such as translations of hadiths and the Quran.
See also
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person |
kita4 | |
| 2nd person | ||
| 3rd person |
1 Polite.
2 Formal.
3 Informal.
4 Includes the listener (inclusive).
5 Excludes the listener (exclusive).
6 Formality depends on the second person pronoun used.
7 Honorific.
8 Formal (Brunei).
Notes:
- This table mostly only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language and within the Klang Valley area.
- The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms, titles, or the like.
- The enclitic -nya is only used obliquely (as an object or possessor).
- The second person pronoun kamu is usually only used when speaking with younger speakers.
Determiner
kalian (Jawi spelling کالين)
- Encompassing all; all.
- kalian murid / murid kalian ― all students
- kalian pemain / pemain kalian ― all players
Further reading
- "kalian" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017