insto
See also: instó
Latin
Etymology
From in- (“after”) + stō (“to stand”). The meaning developed from “stand behind” to “pursue, be imminent” to “press, urge”.[1]
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈĩː.stoː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈin.sto]
Verb
īnstō (present infinitive īnstāre, perfect active īnstitī, supine īnstātum); first conjugation
- (ambitransitive) to stand upon, set foot on
- to be nearby, close to, be imminent
- (ambitransitive, with accusative or dative) to assail, press upon, harass
- Synonyms: invādō, oppugnō, incurrō, impetō, incessō, aggredior, excurrō, concurrō, occurrō, petō, inruō, accēdō, intrō, incēdō, incidō, irrumpō, adorior, adeō, opprimō, accurrō, appetō, arripiō, assiliō, invehō, lacessō
- Antonyms: repugnō, resistō, adversor, obversor, obstō, sistō
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.37:
- instantes cedentibus
- while pressing the retreating (soldiers)
- instantes cedentibus
- (intransitive, with dative) to urge, pursue, insist, to be intent upon
- (transitive) to urge (forward), ply
- (intransitive) to be pressing, draw nigh, approach, threaten
- Synonym: immineō
Conjugation
Conjugation of īnstō (first conjugation)
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | īnstō | īnstās | īnstat | īnstāmus | īnstātis | īnstant | ||||||
| imperfect | īnstābam | īnstābās | īnstābat | īnstābāmus | īnstābātis | īnstābant | |||||||
| future | īnstābō | īnstābis | īnstābit | īnstābimus | īnstābitis | īnstābunt | |||||||
| perfect | īnstitī | īnstitistī | īnstitit | īnstitimus | īnstitistis | īnstitērunt, īnstitēre | |||||||
| pluperfect | īnstiteram | īnstiterās | īnstiterat | īnstiterāmus | īnstiterātis | īnstiterant | |||||||
| future perfect | īnstiterō | īnstiteris | īnstiterit | īnstiterimus | īnstiteritis | īnstiterint | |||||||
| passive | present | īnstor | īnstāris, īnstāre |
īnstātur | īnstāmur | īnstāminī | īnstantur | ||||||
| imperfect | īnstābar | īnstābāris, īnstābāre |
īnstābātur | īnstābāmur | īnstābāminī | īnstābantur | |||||||
| future | īnstābor | īnstāberis, īnstābere |
īnstābitur | īnstābimur | īnstābiminī | īnstābuntur | |||||||
| perfect | īnstātus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| pluperfect | īnstātus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| future perfect | īnstātus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | īnstem | īnstēs | īnstet | īnstēmus | īnstētis | īnstent | ||||||
| imperfect | īnstārem | īnstārēs | īnstāret | īnstārēmus | īnstārētis | īnstārent | |||||||
| perfect | īnstiterim | īnstiterīs | īnstiterit | īnstiterīmus | īnstiterītis | īnstiterint | |||||||
| pluperfect | īnstitissem | īnstitissēs | īnstitisset | īnstitissēmus | īnstitissētis | īnstitissent | |||||||
| passive | present | īnster | īnstēris, īnstēre |
īnstētur | īnstēmur | īnstēminī | īnstentur | ||||||
| imperfect | īnstārer | īnstārēris, īnstārēre |
īnstārētur | īnstārēmur | īnstārēminī | īnstārentur | |||||||
| perfect | īnstātus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||||||||
| pluperfect | īnstātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | — | īnstā | — | — | īnstāte | — | ||||||
| future | — | īnstātō | īnstātō | — | īnstātōte | īnstantō | |||||||
| passive | present | — | īnstāre | — | — | īnstāminī | — | ||||||
| future | — | īnstātor | īnstātor | — | — | īnstantor | |||||||
| non-finite forms | infinitive | participle | |||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||
| present | īnstāre | īnstārī | īnstāns | — | |||||||||
| future | īnstātūrum esse | īnstātum īrī | īnstātūrus | īnstandus | |||||||||
| perfect | īnstitisse | īnstātum esse | — | īnstātus | |||||||||
| future perfect | — | īnstātum fore | — | — | |||||||||
| perfect potential | īnstātūrum fuisse | — | — | — | |||||||||
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||||||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||||||||
| īnstandī | īnstandō | īnstandum | īnstandō | īnstātum | īnstātū | ||||||||
Descendants
- English: instant
References
- ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014), Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 243
- insto in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2026), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
Further reading
- “insto”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “insto”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “insto”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- a war is imminent: bellum impendet, imminet, instat
- to press the fugitives: fugientibus instare
- a war is imminent: bellum impendet, imminet, instat
- insto in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
- William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “instant”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
Portuguese
Verb
insto
- first-person singular present indicative of instar
Spanish
Verb
insto
- first-person singular present indicative of instar