haereo

Latin

Etymology

    Perhaps from a Proto-Italic form of the shape *haizēō, the root of which is unknown: traditionally conjectured to be from Proto-Indo-European *gʰays- (“to adhere, to stick, to be fixed”) and cognate with Latvian gaist (“to dissipate”), Lithuanian gai̇̃šti (“to linger, be slow”),[1] though this root is problematic due to the presence of *a, the unclear morphology, and the semantic gap between purported cognates.[2] The expected form of the supine/past participle stem would be *haest- (compare gerō, gessī, gestum); the actual stem haes- is presumably remodeled by analogy, either (within the paradigm) to the perfect stem, or (across paradigms) to the supine stems of other verbs such as currō, cursum; verrō, versum.

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    haereō (present infinitive haerēre, perfect active haesī, supine haesum); second conjugation, no passive

    1. to stick, stick fast; cling; cleave; adhere; hang, hang on or to; hold fast, be fastened; hang on; be caught; take root
      Synonym: inhaereō
      Nē hāc rē haereāmus in praesentī. ― Let us not get stuck on this matter right now.
      • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.13:
        Quod prīvātārum rērum dēdecus nōn haeret in fāmā?
        What disgrace regarding [your] private affairs does not cling to [your] reputation?
      • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.72-73:
        [...] illa fugā silvās saltūsque peragrat
        Dictaeōs; haeret laterī lētālis harundō.
        [The wounded deer] wanders in flight the forests and glades of Mount Dicte; [still] sticking in her side [is] the lethal reed.
        (The love-struck Dido who wanders Carthage is compared to an arrow-struck deer.)
    2. to keep close (to), attach oneself (to), follow; pursue
    3. to remain fixed, abide, keep at, continue, persist
      Synonyms: sistō, stō, cōnstō, cōnsistō, remaneō, maneō
    4. to be brought to a standstill, to be suspended
      Synonym: pendeo
    5. to be stuck in a situation; to be at a loss; to be embarrassed; hesitate

    Conjugation

       Conjugation of haereō (second conjugation, third person-only in the passive)
    indicative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present haereō haerēs haeret haerēmus haerētis haerent
    imperfect haerēbam haerēbās haerēbat haerēbāmus haerēbātis haerēbant
    future haerēbō haerēbis haerēbit haerēbimus haerēbitis haerēbunt
    perfect haesī haesistī haesit haesimus haesistis haesērunt,
    haesēre
    pluperfect haeseram haeserās haeserat haeserāmus haeserātis haeserant
    future perfect haeserō haeseris haeserit haeserimus haeseritis haeserint
    passive present — — haerētur — — haerentur
    imperfect — — haerēbātur — — haerēbantur
    future — — haerēbitur — — haerēbuntur
    perfect — — haesum est — — haesa sunt
    pluperfect — — haesum erat — — haesa erant
    future perfect — — haesum erit — — haesa erint
    subjunctive singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present haeream haereās haereat haereāmus haereātis haereant
    imperfect haerērem haerērēs haerēret haerērēmus haerērētis haerērent
    perfect haeserim haeserīs haeserit haeserīmus haeserītis haeserint
    pluperfect haesissem haesissēs haesisset haesissēmus haesissētis haesissent
    passive present — — haereātur — — haereantur
    imperfect — — haerērētur — — haerērentur
    perfect — — haesum sit — — haesa sint
    pluperfect — — haesum esset — — haesa essent
    imperative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present — haerē — — haerēte —
    future — haerētō haerētō — haerētōte haerentō
    passive future — — haerētor — — haerentor
    non-finite forms infinitive participle
    active passive active passive
    present haerēre haerērī haerēns —
    future haesūrum esse haesum īrī haesūrus haerendum
    perfect haesisse haesum esse — haesum
    future perfect — haesum fore — —
    perfect potential haesūrum fuisse — — —
    verbal nouns gerund supine
    genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
    haerendī haerendō haerendum haerendō haesum haesū

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Old French: erdre
      • Middle French: herdre (dialectal)

    References

    • “haereo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “haereo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “haereo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • to sit a horse well; to have a good seat: (in) equo haerere
      • nothing will ever make me forgetful of him: semper memoria eius in (omnium) mentibus haerebit
      • a thing is deeply impressed on the mind: aliquid in animo haeret, penitus insedit or infixum est
      • to stop short, hesitate: haerere, haesitare (Catil. 2. 6. 13)
      • grief has struck deep into his soul: dolor infixus animo haeret (Phil. 2. 26)
    1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), “ghais-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 410
    2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “haereō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 278
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