gabh

See also: gábh

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

    From Old Irish gaibid (“grasp; receive”),[1] from Proto-Celtic *gabyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ-. Cognate with English habit.

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    gabh (present analytic gabhann, future analytic gabhfaidh, verbal noun gabháil, past participle gafa)

    1. (transitive) to take
    2. (transitive) to arrest (take into legal custody)
    3. (intransitive) to go
    4. (intransitive) to come
    5. (transitive) to perform (music)

    Usage notes

    • In Connemara, the future, conditional, and second-person singular imperative of this verb supply forms of téigh. In Ulster, the entire imperative supplies alternative forms of both tar (“come”) and téigh (“go”).

    Conjugation

    Conjugation of gabh (first conjugation – A)
    indicative singular plural direct relative autonomous
    first second third first second third
    present gabhaim gabhann tú;
    gabhair†     		gabhann sé, sí gabhaimid gabhann sibh gabhann siad;
    gabhaid†     		a ghabhann; a ghabhas gabhtar
    past ghabh mé;
    ghabhas     		ghabh tú;
    ghabhais     		ghabh sé, sí ghabhamar;
    ghabh muid     		ghabh sibh;
    ghabhabhair     		ghabh siad;
    ghabhadar     		a ghabh gabhadh
    past habitual ghabhainn / gabhainn‡ ghabhtá / gabhtᇠghabhadh sé, sí / gabhadh sé, sí‡ ghabhaimis;
    ghabhadh muid / gabhaimis‡; gabhadh‡ muid     		ghabhadh sibh / gabhadh sibh‡ ghabhaidís;
    ghabhadh siad / gabhaidís‡ / gabhadh siad‡     		a ghabhadh ghabhtaí / gabhtaí‡
    singular plural direct relative autonomous
    first second third first second third
    future gabhfaidh mé;
    gabhfad     		gabhfaidh tú;
    gabhfair†     		gabhfaidh sé, sí gabhfaimid;
    gabhfaidh muid     		gabhfaidh sibh gabhfaidh siad;
    gabhfaid†     		a ghabhfaidh; a ghabhfas gabhfar
    conditional ghabhfainn / gabhfainn‡ ghabhfá / gabhfᇠghabhfadh sé, sí / gabhfadh sé, sí‡ ghabhfaimis;
    ghabhfadh muid / gabhfaimis‡; gabhfadh‡ muid     		ghabhfadh sibh / gabhfadh sibh‡ ghabhfaidís;
    ghabhfadh siad / gabhfaidís‡ / gabhfadh siad‡     		a ghabhfadh ghabhfaí / gabhfaí‡
    subjunctive singular plural direct relative autonomous
    first second third first second third
    present go ngabha mé;
    go ngabhad†     		go ngabha tú;
    go ngabhair†     		go ngabha sé, sí go ngabhaimid;
    go ngabha muid     		go ngabha sibh go ngabha siad;
    go ngabhaid†     		— go ngabhtar
    past dá ngabhainn dá ngabhtá dá ngabhadh sé, sí dá ngabhaimis;
    dá ngabhadh muid     		dá ngabhadh sibh dá ngabhaidís;
    dá ngabhadh siad     		— dá ngabhtaí
    imperative singular plural direct relative autonomous
    first second third first second third
    — gabhaim gabh gabhadh sé, sí gabhaimis gabhaigí;
    gabhaidh†     		gabhaidís — gabhtar
    past participle gafa
    verbal noun gabháil
    † archaic or dialect form
    ‡ dependent form

    in older literary language and some parts of Munster, alternative future and conditional forms (identical to the independent future/conditional forms of faigh, but without lenition in the future) are found:
    singular plural direct relative autonomous
    first second third first second third
    future geobhaidh mé;
    geobhad     		geobhaidh tú;
    geobhair†     		geobhaidh sé, sí geobhaimíd geobhaidh sibh geobhaidh siad;
    geobhaid     		a gheobhaidh, a gheobhas geofar
    conditional gheobhainn / geobhainn‡ gheofá / geofᇠgheobhadh sé, sí / geobhadh sé, sí‡ gheobhaimís / geobhaimís‡ gheobhadh sibh / geobhadh sibh‡ gheobhaidís / geobhaidís‡ a gheobhadh gheofaí / geofaí‡

    Derived terms

    Mutation

    Mutated forms of gabh
    radical lenition eclipsis
    gabh ghabh ngabh

    Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
    All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

    References

    1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gaibid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
    2. ^ Focail Fholaithe, "gabh i leith"
    3. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 129
    4. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 131, page 51

    Further reading

    • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927), “gaḃaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 502; reprinted with additions 1996, →ISBN
    • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “gabh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

    Scottish Gaelic

    Etymology

      From Old Irish gaibid (“grasp; receive”),[1] from Proto-Celtic *gabyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ-.

      Pronunciation

      Verb

      gabh (past ghabh, future gabhaidh, verbal noun gabhail, past participle gabhte)

      1. take, accept, receive, have
        Gabh cupa tì. ― Have/take a cup of tea.
      2. contain, hold
      3. sing, say, give, deliver, perform
        Gabh òran! ― Give [us] a song!
      4. get infected
      5. assume, pretend
      6. burn, kindle, ferment
      7. undertake, endeavour, be concerned with
      8. arrange
      9. can
        Cha ghabh sin a dhèanamh. ― That can't be done.
        cho teth 's a ghabhas ― as hot as possible
      10. must, be compelled to
      11. enlist, engage as a servant
      12. make secure
      13. entertain, treat
      14. acknowledge
      15. worry
      16. conceive, become pregnant
      17. beat, belabour
      18. betake, repair, proceed, go (motion)
      19. rest

      Derived terms

      References

      1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gaibid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
      2. ^ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966), Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
      3. ^ Wentworth, Roy (2003), Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN
      4. ^ Rev. C. M. Robertson (1902), “Skye Gaelic”, in Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, Volume XXIII: 1898-99‎[1], Gaelic Society of Inverness, pages 54-88
      5. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956), A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
      6. ^ Donald A. Morrison (2020) Modularity and stratification in phonology: Evidence from Scottish Gaelic (Thesis)‎[2], Manchester: University of Manchester

      Further reading

      • Edward Dwelly (1911), “gabh”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
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