Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sǫditi

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From *sǫdì +‎ *-iti.

    Accentological notes

    According to the Moscow Accentological School, the length of the vowel in the infinitive was restored from the present. The old condition is reflected in the Slovincian, for example: inf. sãdzëc (short), pres. sõdzysz (long) vs. Czech inf. soudit (long), pres. soudíš (long). A Slovincian material is confirmed by the stress of an Middle Bulgarian monuments: inf. сѫди́ти, pres. сѫ́диши.

    Rick Derksen, on the contrary, reconstructs a length of a vowel.

    Verb

    *sǫdìti or *sǭdìti impf[1]

    1. to judge

    Inflection

    Conjugation of *sǫditi, *sǫdi, *sǫditь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
    Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
    *sǫďenьje *sǫditi *sǫditъ *sǫdilъ
    Participles
    Tense Past Present
    Passive *sǫďenъ *sǫdimъ
    Active *sǫďь *sǫdę
    Aorist Present
    Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
    Singular *sǫdixъ *sǫdi *sǫdi *sǫďǫ *sǫdiši *sǫditь
    Dual *sǫdixově *sǫdista *sǫdiste *sǫdivě *sǫdita *sǫdite
    Plural *sǫdixomъ *sǫdiste *sǫdišę *sǫdimъ *sǫdite *sǫdętь
    Imperfect Imperative
    Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
    Singular *sǫďaaxъ *sǫďaaše *sǫďaaše — *sǫdi *sǫdi
    Dual *sǫďaaxově *sǫďaašeta *sǫďaašete *sǫdivě *sǫdita —
    Plural *sǫďaaxomъ *sǫďaašete *sǫďaaxǫ *sǫdimъ *sǫdite —
      Notes:
    • (*)*sǫdivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: сѫди́ти (sǫdíti)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Old Cyrillic script: сѫдити (sǫditi)
        Glagolitic script: ⱄⱘⰴⰺⱅⰺ (sǫditi)
      • Bulgarian: съ́дя (sǎ́dja)
      • Macedonian: суди (sudi)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: су́дити
        Latin script: súditi
      • Slovene: sọ́diti (tonal orthography)
    • West Slavic:
      • Old Czech: súditi
      • Old Polish: sędzić
      • Slovak: súdiť
      • Pomeranian:
        • Kashubian: sãdzëc
        • Slovincian: sãdzëc
      • Sorbian:
        • Upper Sorbian: sudźić
        • Lower Sorbian: suźiś

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “суди́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “суд”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 216

    References

    1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 463
    This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.