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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *ględěti + *-ati.[1][2]
Verb
*glę̀dati impf[3][4]
- to look at, to watch
Inflection
Conjugation of
*ględati, *ględa, *ględajetь (
impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
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| *ględanьje
|
*ględati
|
*ględatъ
|
*ględalъ
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|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
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Past
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Present
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| Passive
|
*ględanъ
|
*ględajemъ
|
| Active
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*ględavъ
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*ględaję
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|
|
Aorist
|
Present
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| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*ględaxъ |
*ględa |
*ględa
|
*ględajǫ |
*ględaješi |
*ględajetь
|
| Dual
|
*ględaxově |
*ględasta |
*ględaste
|
*ględajevě |
*ględajeta |
*ględajete
|
| Plural
|
*ględaxomъ |
*ględaste |
*ględašę
|
*ględajemъ |
*ględajete |
*ględajǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*ględaaxъ |
*ględaaše |
*ględaaše
|
— |
*ględaji |
*ględaji
|
| Dual
|
*ględaaxově |
*ględaašeta |
*ględaašete
|
*ględajivě |
*ględajita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*ględaaxomъ |
*ględaašete |
*ględaaxǫ
|
*ględajimъ |
*ględajite |
—
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Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: глѧдати (ględati) (11th century)
- Carpathian Rusyn: гля́дати (hljádaty)
- Russian: гля́дать (gljádatʹ) (dialectal), гляда́ть (gljadátʹ) (dialectal; Dal's dictionary)
- Ukrainian: гляда́ти (hljadáty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: глѧдати (ględati)
- Glagolitic script: ⰳⰾⱔⰴⰰⱅⰹ (ględati)
- Bulgarian: гле́дам (glédam), гле́ндам (gléndam) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: гледа (gleda)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: гле̏дати, гле́дати
- Latin: glȅdati, glédati
- Slovene: glẹ́dati (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “гляде́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 193
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*gʰlendʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 200
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*ględati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 122
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “гляде́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “oglądać”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- ^ Wanda Decyk-Zięba; Krystyna Długosz-Kurczabowa; Stanisław Dubisz; Zygmunt Gałecki; Justyna Garczyńska; Halina Karaś; Alina Kępińska; Anna Pasoń; Izabela Stąpor; Barbara Taras; Izabela Winiarska-Górska (2008), “ględać”, in Wanda Decyk-Zięba, Stanisław Dubisz, editors, Glosariusz staropolski - dydaktyczny słownik etymologiczny [Old Polish Glossary - Didactic Etymological Dictionary] (in Polish), Warszawa: Wydział Polonistyki Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, →ISBN, page 44
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glę̀dati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 164: “v. (a) ‘look at’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “ględati: ględajǫ ględajetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 123, 133)”