Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/řuti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew- (“to roar”).[1] Cognate with Latin rāvis (“hoarse”), rūmor (“rumor”), Sanskrit रव (rava, “roaring, howling”), Ancient Greek ὠρύομαι (ōrúomai, “to howl, roar”).[2]

    Verb

    *řűti[1][3][4]

    1. to roar

    Inflection

    The original inflection appears to have e-grade in the infinitive and o-grade in the present. In some descendants, this alternation was levelled, either by replacing the present stem with the e-grade *rev-, or the infinitive stem with the o-grade *ru-.

    Conjugation of *řuti, *řu, *rovetь (?, -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
    Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
    *řutьje *řuti *řutъ *řulъ
    Participles
    Tense Past Present
    Passive *řutъ *rovomъ
    Active *rovъ *rovy
    Aorist Present
    Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
    Singular *řuxъ *řu *řu *rovǫ *roveši *rovetь
    Dual *řuxově *řusta *řuste *rovevě *roveta *rovete
    Plural *řuxomъ *řuste *řušę *rovemъ *rovete *rovǫtь
    Imperfect Imperative
    Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
    Singular *rověaxъ *rověaše *rověaše — *rovi *rovi
    Dual *rověaxově *rověašeta *rověašete *rověvě *rověta —
    Plural *rověaxomъ *rověašete *rověaxǫ *rověmъ *rověte —

    Alternative forms

    • *ruti

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: рюти (rjuti), рути (ruti)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Cyrillic: роути (ruti)
        Glagolitic: [Term?]
        • Church Slavonic: рюти (rjuti)
      • Bulgarian: рева́ (revá)
      • Macedonian: реве (reve)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: рѐвати
        Latin script: rèvati
      • Slovene: rjúti (tonal orthography)
    • West Slavic:
      • Old Czech: řúti
      • Old Polish: rzuć
      • Slovak: revať
      • Sorbian:
        • Upper Sorbian: ruć

    Further reading

    • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “реве́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 103
    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “реву́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ŗuti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 436: “v. ‘roar’”
    2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “ravus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 515
    3. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “rjuti: rovǫ (revǫ) rovetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 237f.; PR 139)”
    4. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “rjúti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*r'űti, sed. *rȍvǫ (sekundarno tudi nedol. *rűti in sed. *r'ȅvǫ)”
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