Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁íh₁eyǵʰti
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
Athematic i-reduplicated present of *h₁eyǵʰ- (“to desire”).
Verb
*h₁íh₁eyǵʰti (imperfective)[1][2]
Alternative reconstructions
Conjugation
| Imperfective, athematic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *h₁íh₁iǵʰn̥ti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰmi | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰm̥ | — | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰoh₂ | *h₁íh₁iǵʰyeh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰsi | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰs | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰ, *h₁íh₁iǵʰdʰi | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰesi | *h₁íh₁iǵʰyeh₁s |
| 3rd singular | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰti | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰt | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰtu | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰeti | *h₁íh₁iǵʰyeh₁t |
| 1st dual | *h₁íh₁iǵʰwos | *h₁íh₁iǵʰwe | — | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰowos | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁we |
| 2nd dual | *h₁íh₁iǵʰtes | *h₁íh₁iǵʰtom | *h₁íh₁iǵʰtom | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰetes | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁tom |
| 3rd dual | *h₁íh₁iǵʰtes | *h₁íh₁iǵʰtām | *h₁íh₁iǵʰtām | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰetes | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁tām |
| 1st plural | *h₁íh₁iǵʰmos | *h₁íh₁iǵʰme | — | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰomos | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁me |
| 2nd plural | *h₁íh₁iǵʰte | *h₁íh₁iǵʰte | *h₁íh₁iǵʰte | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰete | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁te |
| 3rd plural | *h₁íh₁iǵʰn̥ti | *h₁íh₁iǵʰn̥t | *h₁íh₁iǵʰn̥tu | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰonti | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁n̥t |
| Participle | *h₁íh₁iǵʰn̥ts | ||||
| Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *h₁íh₁iǵʰh₂er | *h₁íh₁iǵʰh₂e | — | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰoh₂er | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁h₂e |
| 2nd singular | *h₁íh₁iǵʰth₂er | *h₁íh₁iǵʰth₂e | *h₁íh₁iǵʰso | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰeth₂er | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁th₂e |
| 3rd singular | *h₁íh₁iǵʰtor, *h₁íh₁iǵʰor | *h₁íh₁iǵʰto, *h₁íh₁iǵʰo | *? | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰetor | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁to, *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁o |
| 1st dual | *h₁íh₁iǵʰwosdʰh₂ | *h₁íh₁iǵʰwedʰh₂ | — | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰowosdʰh₂ | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁wedʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *h₁íh₁iǵʰmosdʰh₂ | *h₁íh₁iǵʰmedʰh₂ | — | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰomosdʰh₂ | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁medʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *h₁íh₁iǵʰdʰh₂we | *h₁íh₁iǵʰdʰh₂we | *h₁íh₁iǵʰdʰh₂we | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰedʰh₂we | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁dʰh₂we |
| 3rd plural | *h₁íh₁iǵʰn̥tor, *h₁íh₁iǵʰror | *h₁íh₁iǵʰn̥to, *h₁íh₁iǵʰro | *? | *h₁íh₁eyǵʰontor | *h₁íh₁iǵʰih₁ro |
| Participle | *h₁íh₁iǵʰm̥h₁nos | ||||
Descendants
- Proto-Celtic: *yeigeti (“to scream, cry”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *ī́kʰō
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HíHiȷ́ʰati
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HíHiźʰati
- Sanskrit: ईहति (īhati, “to desire”)
- ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *HíHijyati
- Avestan: 𐬌𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬁 (iziiā, 1sg.pres.), 𐬌𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (iziieiti, 3sg.pres.), 𐬌𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬙𐬌 (iziiati, 3sg.pres.)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HíHiźʰati
References
- ^ Darling, Mark (2020), The Subjunctive in Celtic: Studies in Historical Phonology and Morphology[1], University of Cambridge, , page 118: “It seems likely that PIE *h₁i-h₁éi̯g̑h- would have developed regularly into Proto-Celtic *i-ēg-, at which point the vocalic *ĭ of the reduplication syllable would have developed into the glide *i̯ in order to simplify the root onset”
- ^ Mees, Bernard (14 December 2011), “Words from the well at Gallo-Roman Châteaubleau”, in Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie, volume 58, number 1, , →ISSN, pages 87–108: “the attestations as íeg- make it clear that these are reduplicated forms < *hi-hei̯g̑ʰ- ‘desire’; cf. OIr. éigid ‘scream’”
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*Hei̯ĝʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 222: “*Hi-Héyĝʰ/Hiĝʰ-”
- ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*hxihxiĝh-(e/o)-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 158
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἰχανάω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 606