-era

• IPA^(key): /eɾa/ [e.ɾa]
• Rhymes: -eɾa, -a
• Hyphenation: -e‧ra

From era (“manner”).

-era

1. Used to form names of languages from toponyms.

   ‎Gaztela (“Castille”) + ‎-era → ‎gaztelera (“Spanish language”)

2. Used to form dimension nouns from adjectives.

   ‎sakon (“deep”) + ‎-era → ‎sakonera (“depth”)

3. place

   ‎sartu (“to enter”) + ‎-era → ‎sarrera (“entrance”)

4. Used to a nouns representing the property corresponding to a verb; -tion, -ing

   ‎bukatu (“to end”) + ‎-era → ‎bukaera (“ending”)

5. way of

   ‎izan (“to be”) + ‎-era → ‎izaera (“personality”, literally “way of being”)

From -e- (epenthetic vowel) +‎ -ra (allative suffix).

-era

1. allomorphic post-consonantal form of -ra (allative inanimate singular suffix)

• R. L. Trask (2008), “-era”, in Max W. Wheeler, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Basque, University of Sussex, page 172

Inherited from Latin -aria, feminine form of -arius.

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈe.ɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈe.ɾa]
• Hyphenation: -é‧ra

-era f (noun-forming suffix, plural -eres)

1. forms nouns meaning the location or object where something is usually found

   ‎sorra (“sand”) + ‎-era → ‎sorrera (“sandpit, sandbox”)

2. forms nouns meaning a plant which is cultivated to produce something

   ‎oliva (“olive”) + ‎-era → ‎olivera (“olive tree”)

3. forms nouns meaning the purpose of something or an object used for that purpose

   ‎te (“tea”) + ‎-era → ‎tetera (“teapot”)

• The equivalent suffix -er can be used to form masculine nouns with these meanings, but usually only the masculine or feminine form will be found in Catalan.

-era m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -eres)

1. forms nouns and adjectives referring to an inhabitant of somewhere
2. forms nouns and adjectives referring to engaging in a profession
3. forms nouns and adjectives referring to being prone to some activity or characteristic

• Because these senses are used to form adjectives of two forms or nouns referring to animate objects, both the masculine and feminine forms will be found in Catalan, with the lemma entry found at the masculine form.

-era f (noun-forming suffix, plural -eres)

1. forms nouns from verbs or nouns meaning the desire to perform an action

   ‎pixar (“to piss”) + ‎-era → ‎pixera (“urge to piss”)

   ‎rialla (“laughter”) + ‎-era → ‎riallera (“urge to laugh”)

   ‎escriure (“to write”) + ‎-era → ‎escriguera (“urge to write”)

• Unlike the other senses of this suffix, this meaning is used only to form feminine nouns.

Compare with Swahili -ea

• IPA^(key): /ˈe.ɽa/

-era

1. Applicative suffix for verbs where the penultimate vowel of the stem is either 'e' or 'o'.
2. Applicative suffix for monosyllabic stems.

• -ira (“applicative suffix for verbs where the penultimate vowel of the stem is either 'a', 'i' or 'u'”).

• Steven Paas (2016), Oxford Chichewa-English/English - Chichewa Dictionary‎^[1], Oxford University Press, page 137

From the infinitive suffix -er along with a ("He/she/it has")

• IPA^(key): /(ə).ʁa/
• Hyphenation: -e‧ra

-era (non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix)

1. forms the third-person singular future of regular -er verbs

• IPA^(key): /ˈe.ra/
• Hyphenation: -e‧ra

1=n

-era

1. female equivalent of -ero

• Alexander Gode; Hugh E. Blair (1955), Interlingua: A Grammar of the International Language, →ISBN

-era (present tense -erer, past tense -erte, past participle -ert, passive infinitive -erast, present participle -erande, imperative -er)

1. alternative form of -ere

• IPA^(key): /e.rɑ/
• Hyphenation: -e‧ra

-era

1. genitive plural of -ere

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.ra/
• Rhymes: -ɛra
• Syllabification: -e‧ra

-era m pers or m animal

1. genitive/accusative singular of -er

From Latin -ārius -ārium, with metathesis of "i" (through a Vulgar Latin form *-airu). Compare Spanish -ero, Portuguese -eiro. Doublet of the suffix Doublet of -aru.

• IPA^(key): /-ɛ.ɾa/
• Hyphenation: -e‧ra

-era f

1. feminine singular of -eru

-era

1. indicates a place or object where something can be found, kept or done

   ‎nguantu (“glove”) + ‎-era → ‎nguantera (“glove compartment”)

   ‎manu (“hand”) + ‎-era → ‎manera (“manner, literally "the way to use the hands"”)

2. forms names of certain plants or trees from the name of their fruit

• IPA^(key): /ˈeɾa/ [ˈe.ɾa]
• Rhymes: -eɾa
• Syllabification: -e‧ra

-era f (noun-forming suffix, plural -eras)

1. indicates a place or object where something can be found, kept or done

   ‎guante (“glove”) + ‎-era → ‎guantera (“glove compartment”)

   ‎regar (“to water”) + ‎-era → ‎regadera (“watering can”)

2. indicates a physical state or disability

   ‎sordo (“deaf”) + ‎-era → ‎sordera (“deafness”)

   ‎borracho (“drunk”) + ‎-era → ‎borrachera (“drunkness”)

3. forms names of certain plants or trees from the name of their fruit

   ‎higo (“fig”) + ‎-era → ‎higuera (“fig tree”)

   ‎mora (“blackberry”) + ‎-era → ‎morera (“blackberry plant”)

-era f (non-lemma form of adjective-forming suffix)

1. feminine singular of -ero

• “-era”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Attested already in Late Old Swedish. Derives from at least two distinct sources:

1. Borrowed from Middle Low German -êren, from Latin -ēre, ‑ĕre.
2. Borrowed from French -er, from Latin -āre (often via High German transmission). In this form, the suffix appears as an element of -isera.

• IPA^(key): /ˈeː.ra/
• Hyphenation (syllabic): -e‧ra

-era

1. -ate, -ize; make a verb from a noun, similar to Swedish -a; used on loan-words with French -er and German -ieren

• Hellquist, Elof (1922), Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish Etymologic Dictionary]‎^[2] (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, →OCLC, page XXIV:

  ‑era i verb, redan i y. fsv., från mlty. ‑êren av lat. ‑ēre, ‑ĕre, o. (ofta genom högtysk förmedling) från fra. ‑er av lat. ‑āre. Ex. från båda grupperna): adressera, applådera, gruppera, kokettera, praktisera, respektera, returnera, studera. Stundom med suffixet tillagt på germ. botten, t. ex. spendera av ty. spendieren till ty. spenden (av lat. urspr.), ibland till inhemska germ. stammar ss. lovera till holl. loef, vindstilla, värdera från mlty. till adj. werd osv. — Härtill även bl. a. ‑isera, från el. motsvar. fra. ‑iser, motsvar. lat. ‑issāre o. grek. verb på ízein; t. ex. antikisera (ty. antikisieren), arkaisera (ty. archaisieren, jfr grek. arkhaízein), centralisera (ty. zentralisieren, fra. centraliser), moralisera (ty. moralisieren, fra. moraliser) osv. (= det folkliga fra. ‑oyer).

• -are, rea

Borrowed from Spanish -era.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈeɾa/ [ˈɛː.ɾɐ]
• Rhymes: -eɾa
• Syllabification: -e‧ra

-era (noun-forming suffix, Baybayin spelling ᜒᜇ)

1. female equivalent of -ero: forms female occupations and other agent nouns from nouns

   ‎basura (“trash”) + ‎-era → ‎basurera (“female garbage collector”)

   ‎tinda (“goods for sale”) + ‎-era → ‎tindera (“female vendor”)

   ‎inggit (“envy”) + ‎-era → ‎inggitera (“female envious person”)

   ‎pakialam (“concern”) + ‎-era → ‎pakialamera (“female meddler”)

• Tagalog terms suffixed with -era

  abusera

  alahera

  anitera

  ansikutera

  asendera

  asyumera

  basurera

  bolera

  bungangera

  buratsera

  busisera

  charotera

  daldalera

  echosera

  gasera

  hardinera

  hubadera

  intrigera

  inggitera

  Inglesera

  isnabera

  kabogera

  kontesera

  kusinera

  lakwatsera

  lasinggera

  osyosera

  pakialamera

  raketera

  sabongera

  stirera

  sumbungera

  tindera

  usisera

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