-čtina

• IPA^(key): [ t͡ʃcɪna]

-čtina f (noun-forming suffix)

1. -ese (a language or dialect)

• See also Category:cs:Languages

• -ština

• -čina, -ština

By reduction of -c- + -ština (-ský + -ina).

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃcina/, [t͡ʃcina]
• Hyphenation: -čti‧na

-čtina f

1. suffix used to form the names of languages or dialects from adjectives ending in -cký

   ‎anglický (“English (adj.)”) + ‎-čtina → ‎angličtina (“English (lang.)”)

   ‎grécky (“Greek (adj.)”) + ‎-čtina → ‎gréčtina (“Greek (lang.)”)

   ‎hanácky (“Hanakian”) + ‎-čtina → ‎hanáčtina (“Haná dialect”)

• In Slovak, language names are derived from adjectives ending in -ský or -cký. The choice between the suffixes -čina, -ština, and -čtina depends on the phonetic environment of the stem:
  1. Stems with -ský (where -s- is not part of the stem):

     The entire -ský ending is typically replaced by -čina.

     Examples: slovenský → slovenčina; taliansky → taliančina.

     Exceptions: čínsky and poľský take -ština (čínština, poľština).

  2. Stems with -ský (where -s- is merged with the stem, either in writing or in pronunciation):

     When the stem ends in a sibilant (s, z, š, ž) or when the -s- of the suffix is merged with a root sibilant, the ending is replaced by -ština.

     Examples: ruský (< rus-ský) → ruština (< rus-ština), francúzsky → francúzština; lotyšský → lotyština (the double -šš- merges into one -š-).

  3. Stems with -cký:

     The adjectival cluster -ck- (< -csk-) shifts to -čť- (< -cšť-) and the resulting suffix is -čtina.

     Examples: grécky (< gréc-sky) → gréčtina (< gréc-ština); turecký → turečtina.

     Exception: nemecký → nemčina.