驕傲

See also: 骄傲

Chinese

	proud; arrogant	proud; overbearing; insolent proud; overbearing; insolent; arrogant
trad. (驕傲)	驕	傲
simp. (骄傲)	骄	傲
alternative forms	驕敖／骄敖驕驁／骄骜驕慠／骄慠

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “is the second sense influenced by English "proud"?”)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiāo'ào

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): giu¹ ngou⁶
Gan (Wiktionary): 'jieu¹ ngau⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kiêu-ngau

(Hailu, HRS): giau^ˋ ngau^˖

(Meixian, Guangdong): giau¹ ngau⁴
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gieo¹ gor⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kiau-ngō͘ / kiau-gō

(Teochew, Peng'im): giao¹ ngao⁶ / giou¹ ngao⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ciau-ngau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiāo'ào
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiao-ào
  - Wade–Giles: chiao¹-ao⁴
  - Yale: jyāu-àu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiauaw
  - Palladius: цзяоао (czjaoao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: giu¹ ngou⁶
  - Yale: gīu ngouh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: giu¹ ngou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: giu¹ ngou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːu̯⁵⁵ ŋou̯²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: 'jieu¹ ngau⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˈt͡ɕiɛu⁴² ŋau¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiêu-ngau
  - Hakka Romanization System: gieu^ˊ ngau
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gieu¹ ngau⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋau̯⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: giau^ˋ ngau^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /kiau⁵³ ŋau³³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: giau¹ ngau⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kiau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋau⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gieo¹ gor⁵ [Phonetic: gieo² or⁵]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ga̤u-gō̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kieu⁵³³⁻¹³ ^(k-)ɒ¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gieo¹ gor⁵ [Phonetic: gieo² or⁵]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kieu⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ^(k-)ɒ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiau-ngō͘
  - Tâi-lô: kiau-ngōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiaungo
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kiau³³ ŋɔ̃⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiau⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Philippines): /kiau³³ ŋɔ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiau-gō
  - Tâi-lô: kiau-gō
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiau'goi
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kiau⁴⁴⁻²² ɡo²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: giao¹ ngao⁶ / giou¹ ngao⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiau ngău / kiou ngău
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiau³³⁻²³ ŋau³⁵/, /kiou³³⁻²³ ŋau³⁵/

Note: giao1 ngao6 - Shantou.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹ciau-ngau
  - MiniDict: ciau^平 ngau
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹jiau-ngau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ ŋɔ²¹/

Middle Chinese: kjew ngawH

Rime
Character	驕	傲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	宵 (92)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	舉喬切	五到切
Baxter	kjew	ngawH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiᴇu/	/ŋɑu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚiɛu/	/ŋɑu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kiæu/	/ŋɑu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kiaw/	/ŋaw^H/
Li Rong	/kjɛu/	/ŋɑu^H/
Wang Li	/kĭɛu/	/ŋɑu^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ki̯ɛu/	/ŋɑu^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiāo	ào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	giu¹	ngou⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*krew ŋaːws/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	驕	傲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10326	58
Phonetic component	喬	敖
Rime group	宵	宵
Rime subdivision	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	驕	傲
Old Chinese	/*krew/	/*ŋaːws/

Adjective

驕傲

arrogant; conceited
王秀英雖然考了第一，但是她一點也不驕傲。 [MSC, trad.]
王秀英虽然考了第一，但是她一点也不骄傲。 [MSC, simp.]
Wáng Xiùyīng suīrán kǎo le dìyī, dànshì tā yīdiǎn yě bù jiāo'ào. [Pinyin]
Although Wang Xiuying scored first in the exam, she was not at all arrogant about it.
proud; gratified
對自己的國家感到驕傲 [MSC, trad.]
对自己的国家感到骄傲 [MSC, simp.]
duì zìjǐ de guójiā gǎndào jiāo'ào [Pinyin]
to feel proud of one's country

Synonyms

(arrogant):

edit

傲慢 (àomàn)
兀傲 (wù'ào) (literary)
囂俳 / 嚣俳 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
囂張 / 嚣张 (xiāozhāng)
沙塵 / 沙尘 (saa¹ can⁴) (Cantonese)
滿 / 满 (mǎn) (literary, or in compounds)
滿盈 / 满盈 (mǎnyíng) (literary)
牙擦 (Cantonese)
牛氣 / 牛气 (niúqi) (regional)
狂 (kuáng)
狂妄 (kuángwàng)
矜貴 / 矜贵 (jīnguì) (literary)
空歁 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
自大 (zìdà)
自恃 (zìshì)
自滿 / 自满 (zìmǎn)
自負 / 自负 (zìfù)
自高 (zìgāo)
起市 (hei² si^4*) (Taishanese)
起徛 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
驕橫 / 骄横 (jiāohèng)
驕矜 / 骄矜 (jiāojīn) (literary)
驕縱 / 骄纵 (jiāozòng)
高傲 (gāo'ào)
高慢 (gāomàn)

(proud):

edit

自豪 (zìháo)
高傲 (gāo'ào)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “arrogant”): 謙虛／谦虚 (qiānxū)

Noun

驕傲

pride
驕傲遊行／骄傲游行 ― jiāo'ào yóuxíng ― pride parade
- 2001, “你是我一生中最大的驕傲”, 劉德華 [Andy Lau] (lyrics), 주영훈 [juyeonghun, Joo Young Hoon] (music), performed by 劉德華 [Andy Lau], cover of 다시 [dasi]:
  
  你已成為我一生中最偉大的驕傲 [MSC, trad.]
  你已成为我一生中最伟大的骄傲 [MSC, simp.]
  nǐ yǐ chéngwéi wǒ yīshēng zhōng zuì wěidà de jiāo'ào [Pinyin]
  You've become the greatest pride in my life

Derived terms

虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落後 / 虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后 (xūxīn shǐrén jìnbù, jiāo'ào shǐrén luòhòu)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
驕	傲
きょう Hyōgai	ごう Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative spellings
驕敖驕慠

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きょーごー [kyòógóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [kʲo̞ːɡo̞ː]

Noun

驕(きょう)傲(ごう) • (kyōgō) ^{←けうがう (keugau)^?}

arrogance

Adjective

驕(きょう)傲(ごう) • (kyōgō) ^{←けうがう (keugau)^?}-na (adnominal 驕(きょう)傲(ごう)な (kyōgō na), adverbial 驕(きょう)傲(ごう)に (kyōgō ni))
驕(きょう)傲(ごう) • (kyōgō) ^{←けうがう (keugau)^?}^†-nari

arrogant

Inflection

Inflection of 驕傲
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	驕傲だろ	きょうごうだろ	kyōgō daro
Continuative (連用形)	驕傲で	きょうごうで	kyōgō de
Terminal (終止形)	驕傲だ	きょうごうだ	kyōgō da
Attributive (連体形)	驕傲な	きょうごうな	kyōgō na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	驕傲なら	きょうごうなら	kyōgō nara
Imperative (命令形)	驕傲であれ	きょうごうであれ	kyōgō de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	驕傲ではない驕傲じゃない	きょうごうではないきょうごうじゃない	kyōgō de wa nai kyōgō ja nai
Informal past	驕傲だった	きょうごうだった	kyōgō datta
Informal negative past	驕傲ではなかった驕傲じゃなかった	きょうごうではなかったきょうごうじゃなかった	kyōgō de wa nakatta kyōgō ja nakatta
Formal	驕傲です	きょうごうです	kyōgō desu
Formal negative	驕傲ではありません驕傲じゃありません	きょうごうではありませんきょうごうじゃありません	kyōgō de wa arimasen kyōgō ja arimasen
Formal past	驕傲でした	きょうごうでした	kyōgō deshita
Formal negative past	驕傲ではありませんでした驕傲じゃありませんでした	きょうごうではありませんでしたきょうごうじゃありませんでした	kyōgō de wa arimasen deshita kyōgō ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	驕傲で	きょうごうで	kyōgō de
Conditional	驕傲なら（ば）	きょうごうなら（ば）	kyōgō nara (ba)
Provisional	驕傲だったら	きょうごうだったら	kyōgō dattara
Volitional	驕傲だろう	きょうごうだろう	kyōgō darō
Adverbial	驕傲に	きょうごうに	kyōgō ni
Degree	驕傲さ	きょうごうさ	kyōgōsa

Classical conjugation of "驕傲なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	驕傲なら	きょうごうなら	kyougounara
Continuative (連用形)	驕傲に^[1] 驕傲なり^[2]	きょうごうにきょうごうなり	kyougouni kyougounari
Terminal (終止形)	驕傲なり	きょうごうなり	kyougounari
Attributive (連体形)	驕傲なる	きょうごうなる	kyougounaru
Realis (已然形)	驕傲なれ	きょうごうなれ	kyougounare
Imperative (命令形)	驕傲なれ	きょうごうなれ	kyougounare
Key constructions
Negative	驕傲ならず	きょうごうならず	kyougounarazu
Contrasting conjunction	驕傲なれど	きょうごうなれど	kyougounaredo
Causal conjunction	驕傲なれば	きょうごうなれば	kyougounareba
Conditional conjunction	驕傲ならば	きょうごうならば	kyougounaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	驕傲なりき	きょうごうなりき	kyougounariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	驕傲なりけり	きょうごうなりけり	kyougounarikeri
Adverbial	驕傲に	きょうごうに	kyougouni

^[1]Without auxiliary verb.
^[2]With auxiliary verb.

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“^▲驕傲”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK7-2] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]