宵

宵 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十火月 (JFB), four-corner 3022₇, composition ⿱宀肖)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 286, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7168
• Dae Jaweon: page 566, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 932, character 2
• Unihan data for U+5BB5

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sew): semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews).

宵

1. (literary) night; evening

   • 晝爾于茅、宵爾索綯。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     昼尔于茅、宵尔索绹。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zhòu ěr yú máo, xiāo ěr suǒ táo. [Pinyin]

     In the day time collect the grass, and at night twist it into ropes.

   • 寒蟬淒切。對長亭晚，驟雨初歇。都門帳飲無緒，留戀處、蘭舟催發。執手相看淚眼，竟無語凝噎。念去去、千里煙波，暮靄沉沉楚天闊。多情自古傷離別，更那堪、冷落清秋節。今宵酒醒何處？楊柳岸、曉風殘月。此去經年，應是良辰好景虛設。便縱有、千種風情，更與何人說？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     寒蝉凄切。对长亭晚，骤雨初歇。都门帐饮无绪，留恋处、兰舟催发。执手相看泪眼，竟无语凝噎。念去去、千里烟波，暮霭沉沉楚天阔。多情自古伤离别，更那堪、冷落清秋节。今宵酒醒何处？杨柳岸、晓风残月。此去经年，应是良辰好景虚设。便纵有、千种风情，更与何人说？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 《雨霖鈴》 - 柳永 （宋朝)

     Hán chán qī qiè. Duì cháng tíng wǎn, zhòu yǔ chū xiē. Dōumén zhàng yǐn wú xù, liúliàn chù, lán zhōu cuī fā. Zhíshǒu xiàng kàn lèiyǎn, jìng wúyǔ níngyē. Niàn qù qù, qiānlǐ yān bō, mù ǎi chén chén chǔ tiān kuò. Duōqíng zìgǔ shāng líbié, gèng nà kān, lěngluò qīng qiū jié. Jīnxiāo jiǔ xǐng héchù? Yángliǔ àn, xiǎo fēng cányuè. Cǐ qù jīng nián, yìng shì liángchén hǎo jǐng xūshè. Biàn zòng yǒu, qiān zhǒng fēngqíng, gèng yǔ hérén shuō? [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (archaic) synonym of 小 (xiǎo, “small”)

宵

1. alternative form of 肖 (“to resemble”)

(Jōyō kanji)

• Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kun: よい (yoi, 宵, Jōyō)^{←よひ (yofi, 宵, historical)}、よる (yoru, 宵)、よ (yo, 宵)

• 宵(しょう)衣(い)旰(かん)食(しょく) (shōikanshoku)

⟨yo₂pi₁⟩ → */jəpʲi/ → /joɸi/ → /jowi/ → /joi/

From Old Japanese.

Appears to be derived from a compound, the initial yo is likely from a y- stem cognate with 夕(ゆう) (yū, “evening”), while the final i is likely from 日(ひ) (hi, “day”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

• (Tokyo) よい [yòí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [jo̞i]

宵(よい) • (yoi) ^{←よひ (yofi)?}

1. the hours after sunset until midnight, collectively: dusk, evening, and night

   Synonyms: 初夜 (shoya), 夜間 (yakan), 夜 (yo, yoru)

2. the eve of an event, especially of a festival

• 朝(あさ)題(だい)目(もく)に宵(よい)念(ねん)仏(ぶつ) (asa daimoku ni yoi nenbutsu)
• 旨(うま)い物(もの)は宵(よい)に食(く)え (umai mono wa yoi ni kue)
• 名(な)のない星(ほし)は宵(よい)から出(で)る (na no nai hoshi wa yoi kara deru)

/seu/ → /ɕeu/ → /ɕoː/

From Middle Chinese 宵 (MC sjew).

• IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ː]

宵(しょう) • (shō) ^{←せう (seu)?}

1. night
2. time after sunset until midnight

• “宵”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

From Middle Chinese 宵 (MC sjew). Recorded as Middle Korean 쇼 (sywo) (Yale: syo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

宵 (eumhun 밤 소 (bam so))

1. hanja form^? of 소 (“night”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Appears to be derived from a compound, the initial yo₂ is likely from a y- stem cognate with 夕 (yupu, “evening”), while the final pi₁ is likely from 日 (pi₁, “day”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

宵 (yo₂pi₁) (kana よひ)

1. the hours after sunset until midnight, collectively: dusk, evening, and night

• 夕へ (yupupe₁, “twilight”)
• 夜中 (yo₁naka, “midnight”)
• 曉 (akato₂ki₁, “dawn”)
• 朝 (asita, “next morning”)

• 宵宵 (yo₂pi₁yo₂pi₁)
• 朝宵 (asayo₂pi₁)
• 七日の宵 (nanuka no₂ yo₂pi₁)
• 今宵 (ko₂yo₂pi₁)

• Japanese: 宵 (yoi)

宵: Hán Nôm readings: tiêu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.