違反

See also: 违反

Chinese

		to disobey; to violate; to separate to disobey; to violate; to separate; to go against	wrong side out or up; anti-
trad. (違反)		違	反
simp. (违反)		违	反

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wéifǎn

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˊ ㄈㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wai⁴ faan²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): vì-fán

(Hailu, HRS): vui fan^ˊ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ûi-hoán

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wéifǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ ㄈㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wéifǎn
  - Wade–Giles: wei²-fan³
  - Yale: wéi-fǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: weifaan
  - Palladius: вэйфань (vɛjfanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯³⁵ fän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wai⁴ faan²
  - Yale: wàih fáan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wai⁴ faan²
  - Guangdong Romanization: wei⁴ fan²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯²¹ faːn³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vì-fán
  - Hakka Romanization System: vi^ˇ fan^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: vi² fan³
  - Sinological IPA: /vi¹¹ fan³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: vui fan^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /vui⁵⁵ fan²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûi-hoán
  - Tâi-lô: uî-huán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ui'hoarn
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ui²⁴⁻²² huan⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ui²⁴⁻²² huan⁵⁵⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ui¹³⁻²² huan⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ui²⁴⁻¹¹ huan⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui²³⁻³³ huan⁴¹/

Verb

違反

to violate; to run counter to; to transgress; to infringe; to breach; to break; to go against
違反校規／违反校规 ― wéifǎn xiàoguī ― to breach school regulations

違反醫囑／违反医嘱 ― wéifǎn yīzhǔ ― to be against medical advice

違反交通規則／违反交通规则 ― wéifǎn jiāotōng guīzé ― to violate traffic regulations

Usage notes

Commonly collocates with 原則／原则 (yuánzé), 規章／规章 (guīzhāng) and 制度 (zhìdù).

Synonyms

乖 (guāi) (literary, or in compounds)
犯 (fàn)
破壞 / 破坏 (pòhuài)
背離 / 背离 (bèilí)
違背 / 违背 (wéibèi)

Derived terms

違章 / 违章 (wéizhāng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (違反):

→ Japanese: 違(い)反(はん) (ihan)
→ Korean: 위반(違反) (wiban)
→ Vietnamese: vi phản (違反)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
違	反
い Grade: S	はん Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) いはん [ìháń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ihã̠ɴ]

Noun

違(い)反(はん) • (ihan) ^{←ゐはん (wifan)^?}

violation

Derived terms

違反者

Verb

違(い)反(はん)する • (ihan suru) ^{←ゐはん (wifan)^?}intransitive suru (stem 違(い)反(はん)し (ihan shi), past 違(い)反(はん)した (ihan shita))

to violate a law

Conjugation

Conjugation of "違反する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	違反し	いはんし	ihan shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	違反し	いはんし	ihan shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	違反する	いはんする	ihan suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	違反する	いはんする	ihan suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	違反すれ	いはんすれ	ihan sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	違反せよ¹ 違反しろ²	いはんせよ¹ いはんしろ²	ihan seyo¹ ihan shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	違反される	いはんされる	ihan sareru
Causative	違反させる違反さす	いはんさせるいはんさす	ihan saseru ihan sasu
Potential	違反できる	いはんできる	ihan dekiru
Volitional	違反しよう	いはんしよう	ihan shiyō
Negative	違反しない	いはんしない	ihan shinai
Negative continuative	違反せず	いはんせず	ihan sezu
Formal	違反します	いはんします	ihan shimasu
Perfective	違反した	いはんした	ihan shita
Conjunctive	違反して	いはんして	ihan shite
Hypothetical conditional	違反すれば	いはんすれば	ihan sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

違犯(いはん) (ihan)

References

^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“違反”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN