輻

See also: 辐

輻	U+8F3B, 輻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F3B

← 輺
[U+8F3A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

輼 →
[U+8F3C]

輻	U+FA07, 輻 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA07

← 暴
[U+FA06]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

行 →
[U+FA08]

Translingual

Han character

輻 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 十十一口田 (JJMRW), four-corner 5106₆, composition ⿰車畐)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1246, character 27
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38442
Dae Jaweon: page 1724, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3543, character 11
Unihan data for U+8F3B

Unihan data for U+FA07

Chinese

trad.		輻
simp.		辐
alternative forms		㽬

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 輻
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (畐) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
富	*pɯɡs
輻	pɯɡs, pɯɡ
副	pʰɯɡs, pʰrɯɡ, *pʰɯɡ
褔	*pʰɯɡs
蔔	*bɯːɡ
匐	bɯːɡ, bɯɡ
逼	*prɯɡ
偪	prɯɡ, pɯɡ
幅	prɯɡ, pɯɡ
楅	prɯɡ, pɯɡ
湢	*prɯɡ
堛	*pʰrɯɡ
愊	*pʰrɯɡ
踾	pʰrɯɡ, brɯɡ, *pɯɡ
揊	*pʰrɯɡ
稫	*pʰrɯɡ
畐	pʰrɯɡ, bɯɡ
疈	*pʰrɯɡ
腷	*brɯɡ
鶝	brɯɡ, pɯɡ
福	*pɯɡ
蝠	*pɯɡ
葍	*pɯɡ

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Tocharian *pəw.^[1]

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fú (fu²)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hok

(Teochew, Peng'im): bag⁴ / hog⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fú
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fú
  - Wade–Giles: fu²
  - Yale: fú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwu
  - Palladius: фу (fu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fuk¹
  - Yale: fūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: fug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊk̚⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok
  - Tâi-lô: hok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hog
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /hɔk̚³²/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚³²/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /hɔk̚³²/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bag⁴ / hog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pak / hok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pak̚²/, /hok̚²/

Note:

bag4 - vernacular;
hog4 - literary.

Middle Chinese: pjuwH, pjuwk

Rime
Character	輻	輻
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	方副切	方六切
Baxter	pjuwH	pjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨu^H/	/pɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/piu^H/	/piuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/piəu^H/	/piuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puw^H/	/puwk̚/
Li Rong	/piu^H/	/piuk̚/
Wang Li	/pĭəu^H/	/pĭuk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯ə̯u^H/	/pi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fòu	fu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fau³	fuk¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pək/

(Zhengzhang): /*pɯɡs/, /*pɯɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	輻
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fú
Middle Chinese	‹ pjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*pək/
English	spokes of a wheel
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	輻	輻
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3373	3397
Phonetic component	畐	畐
Rime group	代	職
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	富	福
Old Chinese	/*pɯɡs/	/*pɯɡ/

Definitions

輻

spoke (of a wheel)
- 三十輻，共一轂，當其無，有車之用。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  三十辐，共一毂，当其无，有车之用。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Tao Te Ching, 4^th century BCE
  Sānshí fú, gòng yī gǔ, dāng qí wú, yǒu chē zhī yòng. [Pinyin]
  The thirty spokes unite in the one nave; but it is on the empty space (for the axle), that the use of the wheel depends.
alternative form of 輹 / 𰺓

Compounds

人煙輻輳 / 人烟辐辏 (rényānfúcòu)
光輻射 / 光辐射
天緣輻輳 / 天缘辐辏
太陽輻射 / 太阳辐射
游離輻射 / 游离辐射
熱輻射 / 热辐射 (rèfúshè)
背景輻射 / 背景辐射 (bèijǐng fúshè)
脫輻 / 脱辐
衣冠輻湊 / 衣冠辐凑
詭麗輻輳 / 诡丽辐辏
車輻 / 车辐
車馬輻輳 / 车马辐辏
輪輻 / 轮辐 (lúnfú)
輻射 / 辐射 (fúshè)
輻射塵 / 辐射尘
輻射治療 / 辐射治疗 (fúshè zhìliáo)
輻射滅菌 / 辐射灭菌
輻射熱 / 辐射热
輻射病 / 辐射病
輻射線 / 辐射线
輻射能 / 辐射能
輻射落塵 / 辐射落尘
輻射計 / 辐射计
輻條 / 辐条 (fútiáo)
輻湊 / 辐凑 (fúcòu)
輻照 / 辐照 (fúzhào)
輻狀花冠 / 辐状花冠
輻衡 / 辐衡
輻輳 / 辐辏 (fúcòu)

References

^ Alexander Lubotsky (1998), “Tocharian Loan Words in Old Chinese: Chariots, Chariot Gear, and Town Building”, in The Bronze Age and Early Iron Age peoples of Eastern Central Asia, pages 379-390

Japanese

Kanji

輻

(Hyōgai kanji)

spoke (of a wheel)

Readings

Go-on: ふ (fu)、ふく (fuku)
Kan-on: ふう (fū)、ふく (fuku)
Kun: や (ya, 輻)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
輻
や Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) や [yáꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ja̠]

Noun

輻(や) • (ya) ^{←や (ya)^?}

spoke (of a wheel)
Synonym: スポーク (supōku)

Coordinate term: こしき (koshiki, “hub”)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“^▲輻”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

輻 (eum 복 (bok))
輻 (eum 폭 (pok))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

輻: Hán Nôm readings: phúc, bức

This term needs a translation to English (rs=車09). Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[1] Alexander Lubotsky (1998), “Tocharian Loan Words in Old Chinese: Chariots, Chariot Gear, and Town Building”, in The Bronze Age and Early Iron Age peoples of Eastern Central Asia, pages 379-390

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK8-3] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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