討

討 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜口木戈 (YRDI), four-corner 0460₀, composition ⿰訁寸)

• 傠, 罸, 𧏛

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1147, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35231
• Dae Jaweon: page 1614, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3940, character 6
• Unihan data for U+8A0E

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tʰuːʔ): abbreviated phonetic 肘 (OC *tkuʔ) + semantic 言.

Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 言 (“speech”) + 寸 (“hand”) – rectify.

討

1. to send armed forces to suppress
2. to denounce; to condemn
3. to examine; to discuss

   商討／商讨  ―  shāngtǎo  ―  to discuss

4. to ask for; to beg

   討飯吃／讨饭吃  ―  tǎo fàn chī  ―  to beg for food

   討回公道／讨回公道  ―  tǎohuígōngdào  ―  to seek justice

   討鈔票／讨钞票 [Shanghainese]  ―  ⁵thau ⁵tshau-phiau₅ [Wugniu]  ―  to beg for money

   雞母扒糞掃，無事討事做。 [Eastern Min, trad.]
   鸡母扒粪扫，无事讨事做。 [Eastern Min, simp.]

   Giĕ-mō̤ bà bóng-só̤, mò̤-dâi tō̤-dâi có̤. / [kie⁵⁵⁻⁵³ mo³³ pa⁵³ puŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ^(s-)nɔ²¹³ mo⁵³⁻²¹ ^(t-)lɑi²⁴² tʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(t-)lɑi²⁴² t͡sɔ²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]

   Have nothing else to do.

5. to invite

   討人喜歡／讨人喜欢  ―  tǎo rén xǐhuān  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   討人厭／讨人厌  ―  tǎo rén yàn  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

6. to marry
7. (Zhao'an Hakka) to want
   • 2022, “好天氣”, 曾仲瑋, 李幸妃 (lyrics)‎^[1]performed by 曾仲瑋:

     𠊎討坐高鐵去高雄　坐火車去台中 [Zhao'an Hakka, trad.]
     𠊎讨坐高铁去高雄　坐火车去台中 [Zhao'an Hakka, simp.]

     ngaiˋ too^ cooˇ gooˇ teedˊ kui^ gooˇ hiungˋ, cooˇ foo^ chaˇ kui^ taiˋ zhungˇ [Taiwanese Hakka Romanization System]

     I want to take the high-speed rail to Kaohsiung, take the train to Taichung

8. (Zhao'an Hakka) to be about to
9. (Penang Hokkien) to apply e.g. job, funding

• “討”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “讨”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 173.

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. to chastise

• Go-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
• Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
• Kun: うつ (utsu, 討つ, Jōyō)、たずねる (tazuneru, 討ねる)

From Middle Chinese 討 (MC thawX).

• (to attack; to subjugate; etc.):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [tʰo̞]
  • Phonetic hangul: [토]
• (to discuss; to debate; etc.):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [tʰo̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [토(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

討 (eumhun 칠 토 (chil to))

1. hanja form^? of 토 (“to attack; to destroy”)
2. hanja form^? of 토 (“to subjugate; to subdue”)
3. hanja form^? of 토 (“to discuss; to debate”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

討: Hán Việt readings: thảo^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}
討: Nôm readings: thảo^{[1][2][3][5][6][7]}

1. chữ Hán form of thảo (“(in compounds) to discuss”)
2. chữ Nôm form of thảo (“to be pious, to be generous”)
   1. to write, to draft
   2. to be pious, to be generous
      • Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經), 12th century, folio 29a

        孛(Bụt)保(bảo)阿(A)難(Nan)㝵(người)庄(chẳng)討(thảo)身(thân)𱖨(hoại)命(mệnh)穷(cùng)莎(sa)共(trong)地(địa)獄(ngục)無(vô)間(gian)

        The Buddha told Ananda, "If a person is not filial, when his body decays and his life ends, he will fall into the endless hell."

      • 13th century, Trần Nhân Tông, “Đệ thất hội 第七會 [Seventh]”, in Cư Trần lạc đạo phú 居塵樂道賦 [Living in the Dusty World and Enjoying the Way]:

        義(Nghĩa)矣(hãy)汝(nhớ)道(đạo)庄(chăng)涓(quên)香(hương)花(hoa)供(cúng)𫀅(xem)群(còn)年(nên)討(thảo)

        When one is mindful of rectitude and forgets not the Way, offered incense and blossoms seem still pious