統べる

Japanese

Kanji in this term
統
す
Grade: 5
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
総べる

Etymology

From classical verb 統(す)ぶ (subu).

Development

Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下(しも)二(に)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下(しも)一(いち)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

Related to 統(す)ばる (subaru, “(intransitive) to bunch together, unite”).

Pronunciation

Verb

統(す)べる • (suberu) transitive ichidan (stem 統(す)べ (sube), past 統(す)べた (subeta))

Japanese verb pair
active 統(す)べる
mediopassive 統(す)ばる
  1. to dominate, to control, to rule, to govern, to supervise
    Synonyms: 治める (osameru), 統轄する (tōkatsu suru), 統率する (tōsotsu suru)
    Antonym: 従う (shitagau)
  2. to unify, to combine
    Synonyms: 束ねる (tabaneru), 纏める (matomeru)
    Antonym: 割る (waru)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "統べる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 統べ すべ sube
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 統べ すべ sube
Shūshikei ("terminal") 統べる すべる suberu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 統べる すべる suberu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 統べれ すべれ subere
Meireikei ("imperative") 統べよ¹
統べろ² 		すべよ¹
すべろ² 		subeyo¹
subero²
Key constructions
Passive 統べられる すべられる suberareru
Causative 統べさせる
統べさす 		すべさせる
すべさす 		subesaseru
subesasu
Potential 統べられる
統べれる³ 		すべられる
すべれる³ 		suberareru
subereru³
Volitional 統べよう すべよう subeyō
Negative 統べない
統べぬ
統べん 		すべない
すべぬ
すべん 		subenai
subenu
suben
Negative continuative 統べず すべず subezu
Formal 統べます すべます subemasu
Perfective 統べた すべた subeta
Conjunctive 統べて すべて subete
Hypothetical conditional 統べれば すべれば subereba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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