絕對

See also: 絶対 and 绝对

Chinese

cut short; extinct; to disappear
cut short; extinct; to disappear; to vanish; absolutely; by no means
 
couple; pair; to be opposite
couple; pair; to be opposite; to oppose; to face; for; to; correct (answer); to answer; to reply; to direct (towards something); right
 
trad. (絕對) 絕 對
simp. (绝对) 绝 对

Etymology

“absolute duilian/couplet”
絕 / 绝 (jué, “to discontinue; to exhaust; matchless”) +‎ 對 / 对 (duì, “duilian; couplet”). Possibly pun on other senses.

Pronunciation

Adjective

絕對

  1. (attributive) absolute (as opposed to relative); total; unconditional

Antonyms

Adverb

絕對

  1. absolutely; totally; unconditionally; definitely
    他的技術水平絕對不在專家之下。 [MSC, trad.]
    他的技术水平绝对不在专家之下。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā de jìshù shuǐpíng juéduì bù zài zhuānjiā zhīxià. [Pinyin]
    His technical skill is definitely not inferior to that of a specialist.
    我們承諾保證您的信息絕對保密。 [MSC, trad.]
    我们承诺保证您的信息绝对保密。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒmen chéngnuò bǎozhèng nín de xìnxī juéduì bǎomì. [Pinyin]
    We promise to keep your information absolutely confidential.

Synonyms

Noun

絕對

Examples
  • 南通州，北通州，南北通州通南北。is assigned.
南通州，北通州，南北通州通南北。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
From: Qianlong Emperor
Nán tōngzhōu, běi tōngzhōu, nánběi tōngzhōu tōng nánběi. [Pinyin]
Northern Tongzhou, Southern Tongzhou, these Tongzhous connect the north and south.
(literally, “South Tongzhou, North Tongzhou, South-North Tongzhou connects south and north.”)

When assigned, it was matched as

東當鋪，西當鋪，東西當鋪當東西。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
东当铺，西当铺，东西当铺当东西。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: Ji Yun
Dōng dāngpū, xī dāngpū, dōngxī dāngpū dāng dōngxī. [Pinyin]
Eastern pawnshops, Western pawnshops, those pawnshops take in all sorts of stuff.
(literally, “East pawnshop, West pawnshop, East-West pawnshop pawns east-west.”)

Matching featuresː Each line consists of four characters on relevant positions. Except for the last two characters, part of speech of each corresponding word matches. The 平仄 is completely inverse.

Non-matching featuresː The non-pun 南北 (nánběi) is matched with the pun 東西／东西 (dōngxī). 南北 (nánběi) means south and north directions and regions, but the corresponding word 東西／东西 (dōngxī) is ambiguous by the first one meaning east and west while the another thing or stuff.

  1. (rhetoric, chiefly Chinese linguistics) a duilian line (usually the first line of a pair) that is notoriously difficult to match with a suitable second line, due to its complex wordplay, erudite allusions, or strict formal constraints; duilian that is extremely difficult, or seemingly impossible, to match with a fitting counterpart; absolute couplet; perplexing couplet; unmatchable couplet

Synonyms

  • (emphasise history) 千古絕對／千古绝对 (qiāngǔ juéduì)

Hypernyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (絕對):
  • → Japanese: 絶対(ぜったい) (zettai)
  • → Korean: 절대(絶對) (jeoldae)
  • → Vietnamese: tuyệt đối (絕對)

References

Japanese

Kanji in this term
絕 對
ぜつ > ぜっ
Hyōgai 		たい
Hyōgai
goon
For pronunciation and definitions of 絕對 – see the following entry.
【絶対ぜったい】
[adjective] absolute, limitless
[adjective] certain, definite
[adverb] absolutely, definitely, certainly
[noun] absoluteness, an absolute, unlimitedness
Alternative spelling
絶待
(This term, 絕對, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
絕對

Adverb

絕對 • (jeoldae) (hangeul 절대)

  1. hanja form? of 절대 (“absolutely”)

Derived terms

  • 절대다수 (絶對多數, jeoldaedasu)
  • 절대량 (絶對量, jeoldaeryang)
  • 절대론 (絶對論, jeoldaeron)
  • 절대성 (絶對性, jeoldaeseong)
  • 절대왕정 (絶對王政, jeoldaewangjeong)
  • 절대자 (絶對者, jeoldaeja)
  • 절대적 (絶對的, jeoldaejeok)
  • 절대치 (絶對値, jeoldaechi)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
絕對

Adjective

絕對

  1. chữ Hán form of tuyệt đối (“absolute”)
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