硬度

Chinese

		hard; stiff; strong hard; stiff; strong; firm	capacity; degree; standard
simp. and trad. (硬度)		硬	度

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yìngdù

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˋ ㄉㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaang⁶ dou⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ngī-tō͘ / ngǐ-tō͘ / ngēe-tō͘ / ngē-tō͘
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶ngan-du

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yìngdù
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˋ ㄉㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yìngdù
  - Wade–Giles: ying⁴-tu⁴
  - Yale: yìng-dù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yinqduh
  - Palladius: инду (indu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ngaang⁶ dou⁶
  - Yale: ngaahng douh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngaang⁶ dou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngang⁶ dou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋaːŋ²² tou̯²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngī-tō͘
  - Tâi-lô: ngī-tōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngixdo
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ŋĩ³³⁻¹¹ tɔ³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ŋĩ²²⁻²¹ tɔ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngǐ-tō͘
  - Tâi-lô: ngǐ-tōo
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋĩ²² tɔ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngēe-tō͘
  - Tâi-lô: ngēe-tōo
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋɛ̃²²⁻²¹ tɔ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngē-tō͘
  - Tâi-lô: ngē-tōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngexdo
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋẽ³³⁻²¹ tɔ³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ngan-du
  - MiniDict: ngan^去 du
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ngan-du
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ŋã²² du⁴⁴/

Noun

硬度

(materials science) hardness
(inorganic chemistry) hardness (concentration of mineral content in water)
- 1994 July 29, 国家环境保护局, “1993年中国环境状况公报”, in 中华人民共和国国务院公报, number 764, page 659:
  
  我国内陆河流水质良好，受自然条件影响，部分河流 pH 值偏大，总硬度、氯离子含量偏高。 [MSC, simp.]
  我國內陸河流水質良好，受自然條件影響，部分河流 pH 值偏大，總硬度、氯離子含量偏高。 [MSC, trad.]
  Wǒguó nèilù héliú shuǐzhì liánghǎo, shòu zìrán tiáojiàn yǐngxiǎng, bùfen héliú pH zhí piān dà, zǒng yìngdù, lǜ lízǐ hánliàng piān gāo. [Pinyin]
  The water quality of inland rivers in our country is generally good. Affected by natural conditions, the pH level of some rivers are high, and the total hardness and chloride ion content are also high.

Related terms

強度／强度 (qiángdù)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
硬	度
こう Grade: S	ど Grade: 3
on'yomi

Etymology

From 硬 (“hard”) +‎ 度 (“-ness”).

Noun

硬(こう)度(ど) • (kōdo)

hardness

Korean

Hanja in this term
硬	度

Noun

硬度 • (gyeongdo) (hangeul 경도)

hanja form^? of 경도 (“hardness”)