流離

See also: 流离

Chinese

		to flow; to spread; to circulate to flow; to spread; to circulate; to move	to leave; to depart; to go away to leave; to depart; to go away; from
trad. (流離)		流	離
simp. (流离)		流	离

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): liúlí

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄌㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lau⁴ lei⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liù-lì

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: liúlí
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄌㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lióulí
  - Wade–Giles: liu²-li²
  - Yale: lyóu-lí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liouli
  - Palladius: люли (ljuli)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯oʊ̯³⁵ li³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    流離 / 流离
    琉璃
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: lau⁴ lei⁴
  - Yale: làuh lèih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lau⁴ lei⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: leo⁴ léi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɐu̯²¹ lei̯²¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    流離 / 流离
    琉璃
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liù-lì
  - Hakka Romanization System: liu^ˇ li^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: liu² li²
  - Sinological IPA: /li̯u¹¹ li¹¹/

Middle Chinese: ljuw lje

Rime
Character	流	離
Reading #	1/1	1/3
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	力求切	呂支切
Baxter	ljuw	lje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨu/	/liᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/liu/	/liɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/liəu/	/ljɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/luw/	/liə̆/
Li Rong	/liu/	/lie/
Wang Li	/lĭəu/	/lǐe/
Bernhard Karlgren	/li̯ə̯u/	/lie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liú	lí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lau⁴	lei⁴

Verb

流離

to wander about homeless; to live as a refugee

Synonyms

沒落 / 没落 (mòluò) (literary)
流浪 (liúlàng)
流落 (liúluò)
流蕩 / 流荡 (liúdàng)
淪落 / 沦落 (lúnluò)
漂泊 (piāobó)
飄蕩 / 飘荡 (piāodàng)

Derived terms

流離失所 / 流离失所 (liúlíshīsuǒ)
流離朗蕩 / 流离朗荡
流離顛沛 / 流离颠沛
瑣尾流離 / 琐尾流离
顛沛流離 / 颠沛流离 (diānpèiliúlí)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 流離 – see 琉璃 (“a kind of blue and translucent natural precious stone, probably lapis lazuli; etc.”). (This term is an obsolete form of 琉璃).

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
流	離
りゅう Grade: 3	り Grade: S
kan'on	on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) りゅうり [ryúꜜùrì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɾʲɨːɾʲi]

Noun

流(りゅう)離(り) • (ryūri) ^{←りうり (riuri)^?}

wandering around a foreign country
Synonym: 流浪 (rurō)
- 1941, Shirō Kunieda, Sekai no ura‎^[1]:
  
  しかし、ハンニバルは、貴(き)族(ぞく)、富(ふ)豪(ごう)、特(とっ)権(けん)階(かい)級(きゅう)の集(あつ)まりであるところの、最(さい)高(こう)政(せい)治(じ)機(き)関(かん)の元(げん)老(ろう)院(いん)、及(およ)びそれに追(つい)随(ずい)するある衆(しゅう)愚(ぐ)の排(はい)撃(げき)によって、故(こ)国(こく)を去(さ)り、流(りゅう)離(り)の後(のち)に自(じ)殺(さつ)した。
  Shikashi, Hannibaru wa, kizoku, fugō, tokken kaikyū no atsumari de aru tokoro no, saikō seiji kikan no genrōin, oyobi sore ni tsuizui suru aru shūgu no haigeki ni yotte, kokoku o sari, ryūri no nochi ni jisatsu shita.
  However, Hannibal got rejected by the Senate, the highest political institution which is a group of the nobility, the rich, and the privileged, and a certain ignorant mass which follows it. Therefore, he left his homeland, and committed suicide after the wandering.

Verb

流(りゅう)離(り)する • (ryūri suru) ^{←りうり (riuri)^?}intransitive suru (stem 流(りゅう)離(り)し (ryūri shi), past 流(りゅう)離(り)した (ryūri shita))

to wander around a foreign country
Synonym: 流浪する (rurō suru)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "流離する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	流離し	りゅうりし	ryūri shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	流離し	りゅうりし	ryūri shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	流離する	りゅうりする	ryūri suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	流離する	りゅうりする	ryūri suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	流離すれ	りゅうりすれ	ryūri sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	流離せよ¹ 流離しろ²	りゅうりせよ¹ りゅうりしろ²	ryūri seyo¹ ryūri shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	流離される	りゅうりされる	ryūri sareru
Causative	流離させる流離さす	りゅうりさせるりゅうりさす	ryūri saseru ryūri sasu
Potential	流離できる	りゅうりできる	ryūri dekiru
Volitional	流離しよう	りゅうりしよう	ryūri shiyō
Negative	流離しない	りゅうりしない	ryūri shinai
Negative continuative	流離せず	りゅうりせず	ryūri sezu
Formal	流離します	りゅうりします	ryūri shimasu
Perfective	流離した	りゅうりした	ryūri shita
Conjunctive	流離して	りゅうりして	ryūri shite
Hypothetical conditional	流離すれば	りゅうりすれば	ryūri sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
流	離
さすらい
Grade: 3	Grade: S
jukujikun

For pronunciation and definitions of 流離 – see the following entry.

【さすらい】

[noun] wandering; homelessness

Alternative spelling
流浪

(This term, 流離, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“流離”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
流	離

Noun

流離 • (yuri) (hangeul 유리)

hanja form^? of 유리