离

See also: 離

离	U+79BB, 离 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79BB

← 禺
[U+79BA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

禼 →
[U+79BC]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

离 (Kangxi radical 114, 禸+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜山大月 (YUKB), four-corner 0022₇, composition ⿱㐫禸)

Derived characters

摛, 漓, 樆, 㷰, 璃, 䄜, 瞝, 䅻, 褵, 縭 (缡), 螭, 謧, 醨, 麶, 黐
䬜, 魑, 離, 禽, 蓠, 䍠, 篱

Additional Derived Characters

𠌯, 𠻗, 𪤋, 𮱓, 𱜴, 𢟢, 𤡢, 𲣭, 𣉽, 𪱩, 𤗫, 𥕮, 𥻿, 𦔓, 𫬎, 𧴁, 𮜐, 𲄼, 𰽅, 𮧩, 𩥬, 𮃵, 𪒔, 𪖂
𣯤, 𨝏, 𲒸, 𬓞, 𫀥, 𮫧, 𲵄, 𬓟, 𪅆, 𡼁, 𡴥, 𰖩, 𳈊, 𤜏, 𲶡

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 848, character 7
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24888
Dae Jaweon: page 1270, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 287, character 11
Unihan data for U+79BB

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 离
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Transcribed ancient scripts L02275
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (离) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
謧	reːl, rel
璃	reːl, rel
離	reːls, rel, *rels
縭	*rel
离	rel, r̥ʰel
醨	*rel
樆	*rel
褵	*rel
漓	*rel
黐	rel, r̥ʰel
籬	*rel
灕	*rel
蘺	*rel
攡	*rel
魑	*r̥ʰel
螭	*r̥ʰel
摛	*r̥ʰel

In bronze inscriptions, Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 林 (“forest”) + 𠦒 (“net”) – to set up a net in the forest for hunting.

The modern form descends from a variant that replaced 林 with 艸, later simplified as 屮 in small seal script, which corrupted further into 亠 in clerical script. The bottom component 𠦒 has corrupted into ⿱凶禸. Compare with 畢 and 禽.

Exists as traditional character, but also simplified from 離.

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 离 – see 離 (“to depart”). (This character is the simplified form of 離).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

trad.		离
simp. ^#		离
alternative forms		𡴥

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chī (chi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄔ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ci¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chī
  - Zhuyin: ㄔ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chih
  - Wade–Giles: chʻih¹
  - Yale: chr̄
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chy
  - Palladius: чи (či)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ci¹
  - Yale: chī
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsi¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: qi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiː⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: trhje

Rime
Character	离
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	丑知切
Baxter	trhje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈʰˠiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈʰᵚiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶʰiɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈʰjiə̆/
Li Rong	/ȶʰje/
Wang Li	/ȶʰǐe/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶʰie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ci¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*r̥aj/

(Zhengzhang): /*r̥ʰel/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	离
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chī
Middle Chinese	‹ trhje ›
Old Chinese	/*r̥aj/
English	mountain demon
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	离
Reading #	2/2
No.	7799
Phonetic component	离
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	摛
Old Chinese	/*r̥ʰel/

Definitions

离

a kind of legendary beast, alternative form of 魑

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lí (li²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lei⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lí
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lí
  - Wade–Giles: li²
  - Yale: lí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: li
  - Palladius: ли (li)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: lei⁴
  - Yale: lèih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lei⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: léi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lei̯²¹/

Middle Chinese: lje

Rime
Character	离
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	呂支切
Baxter	lje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/liɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/ljɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/liə̆/
Li Rong	/lie/
Wang Li	/lǐe/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lei⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*rel/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	离
Reading #	1/2
No.	7783
Phonetic component	离
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	離
Old Chinese	/*rel/

Definitions

离

bright, alternative form of 離

Japanese

Kanji

离

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Go-on: ち (chi)、り (ri)
Kan-on: ち (chi)、り (ri)

Korean

Hanja

离 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)

to leave
to divide

Vietnamese

Han character

离: Hán Việt readings: li^[1]
离: Nôm readings: le^[2]^[3]^[4], lìa^[3]^[4], lè^[3], lia^[3], luy^[3]

Variant of 離, see there for more details.
chữ Nôm form of le
1. (obsolete) lesser whistling duck
2. (rare) alternative form of lè (“(in compounds) highly; greatly”)
3. used in lăm le (“ready to; geared up to do something when the chances come”)
4. used in so le (“uneven; rough; staggered”)
5. used in song le (“(archaic, literary) but; yet; however”)
chữ Nôm form of lè (“(in compounds) highly; greatly”)
chữ Nôm form of Luy (“used in Luy Lâu (“former capital of Jiaozhi and Jiaozhou commandery under Han dynasty, today Bắc Ninh, Vietnam”)”)

References

^ Trần (2004).
^ Hồ (1976).
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 Nguyễn (2014).
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-1] Trần (2004).

[btcn-2] Hồ (1976).

[tdcndg-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 Nguyễn (2014).

[tdcntd-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).

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