撲滅
See also: 扑灭
Chinese
| rush on | extinguish | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (撲滅) | 撲 | 滅 | |
| simp. (扑灭) | 扑 | 灭 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: pūmiè
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄨ ㄇㄧㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pumiè
- Wade–Giles: pʻu1-mieh4
- Yale: pū-myè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pumieh
- Palladius: пуме (pume)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰu⁵⁵ mi̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: pok3 mit6
- Yale: pok miht
- Cantonese Pinyin: pok8 mit9
- Guangdong Romanization: pog3 mid6
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɔːk̚³ miːt̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phû-me̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: puˊ med
- Hagfa Pinyim: pu1 med6
- Sinological IPA: /pʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ met̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phok-bia̍t
- Tâi-lô: phok-bia̍t
- Phofsit Daibuun: phokbiat
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ biɛt̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ biɛt̚²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁵ biɛt̚¹²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ biɛt̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ biɛt̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: pog4 mig8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phok mi̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰok̚²⁻⁴ mik̚⁴/
- (Hokkien)
Verb
撲滅
- (transitive) to annihilate; to eradicate; to exterminate; to extinguish; to stamp out; to wipe out; to destroy; to ruin
Synonyms
- 亡
- 剪除 (jiǎnchú)
- 埋葬 (máizàng) (literary, figuratively)
- 打掉 (dǎdiào)
- 收拾 (colloquial)
- 根除 (gēnchú)
- 殄滅 / 殄灭 (tiǎnmiè) (literary)
- 殲滅 / 歼灭 (jiānmiè)
- 殺滅 / 杀灭 (shāmiè)
- 毀滅 / 毁灭 (huǐmiè)
- 泯絕 / 泯绝 (mǐnjué) (literary)
- 消滅 / 消灭 (xiāomiè)
- 滅亡 / 灭亡 (mièwáng)
- 滅殺 / 灭杀 (mièshā)
- 滅絕 / 灭绝 (mièjué)
- 絕滅 / 绝灭 (juémiè)
- 翦除 (jiǎnchú) (literary)
- 解決 / 解决 (jiějué)
- 討滅 / 讨灭 (tǎomiè) (literary)
- 遏絕 / 遏绝 (èjué) (literary)
- 除治 (chúzhì)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 撲 | 滅 |
| ぼく Grade: S |
めつ Grade: S |
| on'yomi | |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese compound 撲滅 / 扑灭 (phuwk mjiet, literally “beat, strike + destroy”). Compare modern Cantonese reading pok3 mit6.
Pronunciation
Noun
撲滅 • (bokumetsu)
- the beating out of a flame, extinguishing by beating
- eradication or extermination by beating
- (figuratively) the stamping out or wiping out of something
Synonyms
- 殲滅 (senmetsu): annihilation, to annihilate (emphasis on nothing being left)
- 根絶 (konzetsu): extermination, eradication (emphasis on removing something by the root)
Verb
撲滅する • (bokumetsu suru) transitive suru (stem 撲滅し (bokumetsu shi), past 撲滅した (bokumetsu shita))
- to beat out a flame, to extinguish by beating
- to eradicate or exterminate something by beating
- (figuratively) to stamp out something, to wipe out something
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 撲滅し | ぼくめつし | bokumetsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 撲滅し | ぼくめつし | bokumetsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 撲滅する | ぼくめつする | bokumetsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 撲滅する | ぼくめつする | bokumetsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 撲滅すれ | ぼくめつすれ | bokumetsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 撲滅せよ¹ 撲滅しろ² |
ぼくめつせよ¹ ぼくめつしろ² |
bokumetsu seyo¹ bokumetsu shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 撲滅される | ぼくめつされる | bokumetsu sareru |
| Causative | 撲滅させる 撲滅さす |
ぼくめつさせる ぼくめつさす |
bokumetsu saseru bokumetsu sasu |
| Potential | 撲滅できる | ぼくめつできる | bokumetsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 撲滅しよう | ぼくめつしよう | bokumetsu shiyō |
| Negative | 撲滅しない | ぼくめつしない | bokumetsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 撲滅せず | ぼくめつせず | bokumetsu sezu |
| Formal | 撲滅します | ぼくめつします | bokumetsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 撲滅した | ぼくめつした | bokumetsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 撲滅して | ぼくめつして | bokumetsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 撲滅すれば | ぼくめつすれば | bokumetsu sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- “撲滅”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 撲 | 滅 |
Noun
撲滅 • (bangmyeol) (hangeul 박멸)
- hanja form? of 박멸 (“eradication”)