傘

傘 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+10, 12 strokes, cangjie input 人人人十 (OOOJ), four-corner 8040₈, composition ⿱人⿻十𠈌)

• 𬠮, 𦅮, 𠑋

• 伞, 仐

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 113, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 966
• Dae Jaweon: page 241, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 198, character 13
• Unihan data for U+5098

Pictogram (象形) - pictographic representation of an umbrella.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

傘

1. umbrella; parasol

   雨傘／雨伞  ―  yǔsǎn  ―  umbrella

   陽傘／阳伞  ―  yángsǎn  ―  parasol

2. (Buddhism) chatra
3. umbrella-like object

   菌傘／菌伞  ―  jūnsǎn  ―  pileus

4. parachute

   跳傘／跳伞  ―  tiàosǎn  ―  parachute

   降落傘／降落伞  ―  jiàngluòsǎn  ―  parachute

   傘兵／伞兵  ―  sǎnbīng  ―  paratrooper; parachuter

5. a surname, San

• (umbrella):

(Jōyō kanji)

• Go-on: さん (san, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: さん (san, Jōyō)
• Kun: かさ (kasa, 傘, Jōyō)、からかさ (karakasa, 傘)

From Old Japanese. Attested in a gloss of the Nihon Shoki (720) and Man'yōshū (759) in the ideographic spelling 笠.^[1] In turn, from reconstructed Proto-Japonic *kasa (“rain hat”). Possibly related to 重なる (kasanaru, “to overlap, to be layered”, intransitive), 重ねる (kasaneru, “to overlap, to layer”, transitive),^[1].

The term originally refers to a bundle of reeds or sedges used as a rain hat.^[1] Following the spread of folding umbrellas in the 900s after their introduction from Baekje or China, the sense gradually shifted to also mean "umbrella".

• (Tokyo) かさ [káꜜsà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1][2][3][4]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠sa̠]

• (Kyōto) かさ [kàsá] (Teiki – [0])^[1]

傘(かさ) • (kasa) 

1. [from late 900s] a folding umbrella (cloth-covered frame used for protection against rain or sun)

   Synonyms: 洋傘 (yōgasa), 洋傘 (yōsan)

   傘(かさ)を差(さ)す、傘(かさ)を広(ひろ)げる、傘(かさ)をすぼめる、傘(かさ)を巻(ま)く

   kasa o sasu, kasa o hirogeru, kasa o subomeru, kasa o maku

   hold an umbrella, open an umbrella, close an umbrella, roll up an umbrella

   • 1999 February 20 [1994 December 15], Rumiko Takahashi, “ＰＡＲＴ(パート).６(ろく)　伝(でん)説(せつ)の相(あい)合(あい)ガサ [Part 6: The Legendary Coupling Umbrella]”, in らんま½ [Ranma ½], 9th edition, volume 31 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 87:

     そのカサに一(いっ)緒(しょ)にはいった二人(ふたり)は必(かなら)ず相(そう)思(し)相(そう)愛(あい)の仲(なか)になるんですって、だから伝(でん)説(せつ)の相(あい)合(あい)ガサ。

     Sono kasa ni issho ni haitta futari wa kanarazu sōshi sōai no naka ni naru n desu tte, da kara densetsu no aiaigasa.

     Legend has it that any two people who get under that umbrella together are bound to fall in love, and that’s why it's called the legendary coupling umbrella.

Compound of 唐 (kara, “Chinese; foreign”) +‎ 傘 (kasa, “raingear”). First attested in the Utsubo Monogatari of the late 900s.^[5]

Folding umbrellas were originally introduced from overseas, likely either Baekje or China, and this term was coined to refer specifically to this style of raingear, as distinct from the traditional Japanese rain hat.

• (Tokyo) からかさ [kàrákáꜜsà] (Nakadaka – [3])^[2][6]
• (Tokyo) からかさ [kàrákásá] (Heiban – [0])^[4]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ɾa̠ka̠sa̠]

傘(からかさ) • (karakasa) ^{←からかさ (karakasa)?}

1. [from late 900s] a folding umbrella, traditionally made of bamboo

   Synonyms: 差し傘 (sashigasa), 手傘 (tegasa), 和傘 (wagasa, more specific to the Japanese style)

From Middle Chinese 傘 (MC sanX). Not found in isolation.

The eighty sense is from 仐, the ryakuji or "abbreviated character" form of this kanji, which looks like 八 (“eight”) on top of 十 (“ten”), equating to 八十 (hachijū, “eighty”).^[7][8]

• IPA^(key): [sã̠ɴ]

傘(さん) • (san) 

1. umbrella
2. eighty

• 傘下 (sanka, “affiliated, subsidiary, under the aegis of”)
• 鉄傘 (tessan, “an arched roof made with steel girders”)
• 落下傘 (rakkasan, “parachute”)
• 傘寿 (sanju, “eighty years old”)

• “傘”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[4] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

From Middle Chinese 傘 (MC sanX). Recorded as Middle Korean 산〯 (sǎn) (Yale: san) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

傘 (eumhun 우산 산 (usan san))

1. hanja form^? of 산 (“umbrella”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [5]

傘: Hán Nôm readings: tản, tàn, tán

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.