三令五申
Chinese
| three | to order | five | to explain | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (三令五申) | 三 | 令 | 五 | 申 | |
| simp. #(三令五申) | 三 | 令 | 五 | 申 | |
Etymology
From Shiji, Vol. LXV (《史記·孫武列傳》):
- 約束既布,乃設鈇鉞,即三令五申之。於是鼓之右,婦人大笑。孫子曰:“約束不明,申令不熟,將之罪也。”復三令五申而鼓之左,婦人復大笑。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Yuēshù jì bù, nǎi shè fū yuè, jí sān lìng wǔ shēn zhī. Yúshì gǔ zhī yòu, fùrén dàxiào. Sūnzǐ yuē: “Yuēshù bùmíng, shēnlìng bùshú, jiàng zhī zuì yě.” Fù sān lìng wǔ shēn ér gǔ zhī zuǒ, fùrén fù dàxiào. [Pinyin]
- Only after these rules had been laid down, did he have [executioners’] swords and axes made ready and repeat his instructions a third and order “Turn right!” A few women burst out laughing. Sun Tzu said, “If the rules are not clear and orders are not understood, the commander is to blame.” Once more he repeated his instructions a fourth or a fifth time, then beat drums and gave the order for a left turn, yet once more a few women burst out laughing.
约束既布,乃设𫓧钺,即三令五申之。于是鼓之右,妇人大笑。孙子曰:“约束不明,申令不熟,将之罪也。”复三令五申而鼓之左,妇人复大笑。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): saam1 ling6 ng5 san1
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: sānlìngwǔshēn
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄢ ㄌㄧㄥˋ ㄨˇ ㄕㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sanlìngwǔshen
- Wade–Giles: san1-ling4-wu3-shên1
- Yale: sān-lìng-wǔ-shēn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sanlinqwuushen
- Palladius: саньлинъушэнь (sanʹlinʺušɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /sän⁵⁵ liŋ⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: saam1 ling6 ng5 san1
- Yale: sāam lihng ńgh sān
- Cantonese Pinyin: saam1 ling6 ng5 san1
- Guangdong Romanization: sam1 ling6 ng5 sen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːm⁵⁵ lɪŋ²² ŋ̍¹³ sɐn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sam-lēng-ngó͘-sin
- Tâi-lô: sam-līng-ngóo-sin
- Phofsit Daibuun: samlexngngofsyn
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /sam⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sam³³ liɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sin³³/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /sam⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /sam⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /sam⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ³³⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: san1 lêng6 ngou6 sing1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: saⁿ lĕng ngŏu sing
- Sinological IPA (key): /sã³³⁻²³ leŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ ŋou³⁵⁻¹¹ siŋ³³/
- (Hokkien)
- Middle Chinese: samH ljengH nguX syin
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.r[u]m-s riŋ-s C.ŋˤaʔ l̥i[n]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*suːms reŋs ŋaːʔ hlin/
Verb
三令五申
- to repeatedly order, instruct, admonish or warn