मृष्यते
Sanskrit
Etymology
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *mers-
Proto-Indo-European *mr̥syétor
Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥šyátay
Sanskrit मृष्यते
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥šyátay, from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥syétor, from *mers-.[1][2][3] Cognate with Middle Persian plʾmwštn (fra-muštan, “to forget”), Latvian aizmirst (“to forget”), Tocharian A märs- (“to forget”), Lithuanian miršti, Old Armenian մոռանամ (moṙanam).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /mŕ̩ʂ.jɐ.tɐj/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /mr̩ʂ.jɐ.t̪eː/
Verb
मृष्य॑ते • (mṛ́ṣyate) third-singular indicative (class 4, type A, present, root मृष्)[4][5]
- to forget
- Synonym: विस्मरति (vismarati)
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.145.2:
- तमित्पृ॑च्छन्ति॒ न सि॒मो वि पृ॑च्छति॒ स्वेने॑व॒ धीरो॒ मन॑सा॒ यदग्र॑भीत ।
न मृ॑ष्यते प्रथ॒मं नाप॑रं॒ वचो॒ऽस्य क्रत्वा॑ सचते॒ अप्र॑दृपितः ॥- támítpṛcchanti ná simó ví pṛcchati svéneva dhī́ro mánasā yádágrabhīta.
ná mṛṣyate prathamáṃ nā́paraṃ vácoʼsyá krátvā sacate ápradṛpitaḥ.
- 1889 translation by Ralph T. H. Griffith
- They ask of him: not all learn by their questioning what he, the Sage, hath grasped, as 'twere, with his own mind. Forgetting not the former nor the later word, he goeth on, not careless, in his mental power.
- támítpṛcchanti ná simó ví pṛcchati svéneva dhī́ro mánasā yádágrabhīta.
- तमित्पृ॑च्छन्ति॒ न सि॒मो वि पृ॑च्छति॒ स्वेने॑व॒ धीरो॒ मन॑सा॒ यदग्र॑भीत ।
- to ignore, disregard, put up with [with accusative ‘someone’]
- to pardon, forgive, bear with [with genitive ‘someone’]
Conjugation
| Present: मृष्य॑ते (mṛ́ṣyate) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active | Mediopassive | ||||||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
| Indicative | |||||||
| Third | - - |
- - |
- - |
मृष्य॑ते mṛ́ṣyate |
मृष्ये॑ते mṛ́ṣyete |
मृष्य॑न्ते mṛ́ṣyante | |
| Second | - - |
- - |
- - |
मृष्य॑से mṛ́ṣyase |
मृष्ये॑थे mṛ́ṣyethe |
मृष्य॑ध्वे mṛ́ṣyadhve | |
| First | - - |
- - |
- - |
मृष्ये॑ mṛ́ṣye |
मृष्या॑वहे mṛ́ṣyāvahe |
मृष्या॑महे mṛ́ṣyāmahe | |
| Imperative | |||||||
| Third | - - |
- - |
- - |
मृष्य॑ताम् mṛ́ṣyatām |
मृष्ये॑ताम् mṛ́ṣyetām |
मृष्य॑न्ताम् mṛ́ṣyantām | |
| Second | - - |
- - |
- - |
मृष्य॑स्व mṛ́ṣyasva |
मृष्ये॑थाम् mṛ́ṣyethām |
मृष्य॑ध्वम् mṛ́ṣyadhvam | |
| First | - - |
- - |
- - |
मृष्यै॑ mṛ́ṣyai |
मृष्या॑वहै mṛ́ṣyāvahai |
मृष्या॑महै mṛ́ṣyāmahai | |
| Optative/Potential | |||||||
| Third | - - |
- - |
- - |
मृष्ये॑त mṛ́ṣyeta |
मृष्ये॑याताम् mṛ́ṣyeyātām |
मृष्ये॑रन् mṛ́ṣyeran | |
| Second | - - |
- - |
- - |
मृष्ये॑थाः mṛ́ṣyethāḥ |
मृष्ये॑याथाम् mṛ́ṣyeyāthām |
मृष्ये॑ध्वम् mṛ́ṣyedhvam | |
| First | - - |
- - |
- - |
मृष्ये॑य mṛ́ṣyeya |
मृष्ये॑वहि mṛ́ṣyevahi |
मृष्ये॑महि mṛ́ṣyemahi | |
| Subjunctive | |||||||
| Third | - - |
- - |
- - |
मृष्या॑ते / मृष्या॑तै mṛ́ṣyāte / mṛ́ṣyātai |
मृष्यै॑ते mṛ́ṣyaite |
मृष्य॑न्त / मृष्या॑न्तै mṛ́ṣyanta / mṛ́ṣyāntai | |
| Second | - - |
- - |
- - |
मृष्या॑से / मृष्या॑सै mṛ́ṣyāse / mṛ́ṣyāsai |
मृष्यै॑थे mṛ́ṣyaithe |
मृष्या॑ध्वै mṛ́ṣyādhvai | |
| First | - - |
- - |
- - |
मृष्यै॑ mṛ́ṣyai |
मृष्या॑वहै mṛ́ṣyāvahai |
मृष्या॑महै mṛ́ṣyāmahai | |
| Participles | |||||||
| - - |
मृष्य॑माण mṛ́ṣyamāṇa | ||||||
| Notes |
| ||||||
Derived terms
- आमृष्यते (āmṛṣyate)
References
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*mers-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 440
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “MARṢ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 332
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*marš”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 268
- ^ Monier Williams (1899), “मृष्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 831.
- ^ पाणिनि [Pāṇini] (c. 600–400 BCE), धातुपाठः [Dhātupāṭhaḥ] (in Sanskrit), verse 4.60