पाप

See also: पापा, पॉप, and पोप

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पाप (pāpá).

Pronunciation

(Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /pɑːp/, [päːp]

Noun

पाप • (pāp) m (Urdu spelling پاپ)

sin
किसी का दिल दुखाना पाप है।
kisī kā dil dukhānā pāp hai.
It is a sin to hurt someone's feelings.

हत्या पाप भी है अपराध भी है।
hatyā pāp bhī hai aprādh bhī hai.
Murder is a sin as well as a crime.

Declension

Declension of *पाप* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	पाप pāp	पाप pāp
oblique	पाप pāp	पापों pāpõ
vocative	पाप pāp	पापो pāpo

Synonyms

अपराध (aprādh)
गुनाह (gunāh)

References

Bahri, Hardev (1989), “पाप”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “पाप”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “पाप”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Konkani

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पाप (pāpá).

Noun

पाप • (pāp) ? (Latin script pap, Kannada script ಪಾಪ)

sin

References

Isidore Dantas; Joel D'Souza (2015), Modern English–Konkani Dictionary‎^[1], Margao, Goa: Golden Heart Emporium Books, →ISBN, page 297
Pushpak Bhattacharyya (2017), IndoWordNet‎^[2]

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पाप (pāpa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pap/

Noun

पाप • (pāp) n

sin

Declension

Declension of पाप (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	पाप pāp
direct plural	पापे, पापं pāpe, pāpa
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	पाप pāp	पापे, पापं pāpe, pāpa
oblique सामान्यरूप	पापा pāpā	पापां- pāpān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	पापाला pāpālā	पापांना pāpānnā
ergative	पापाने, पापानं pāpāne, pāpāna	पापांनी pāpānnī
instrumental	पापाशी pāpāśī	पापांशी pāpānśī
locative सप्तमी	पापात pāpāt	पापांत pāpāt
vocative संबोधन	पापा pāpā	पापांनो pāpānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of पाप (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	पापाचा pāpāċā	पापाचे pāpāċe	पापाची pāpācī	पापाच्या pāpācā	पापाचे, पापाचं pāpāċe, pāpāċa	पापाची pāpācī	पापाच्या pāpācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	पापांचा pāpānċā	पापांचे pāpānċe	पापांची pāpāñcī	पापांच्या pāpāncā	पापांचे, पापांचं pāpānċe, pāpānċa	पापांची pāpāñcī	पापांच्या pāpāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “पाप”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

pāpa (Latin script)
𑀧𑀸𑀧 (Brahmi script)
পাপ (Bengali script)
පාප (Sinhalese script)
ပါပ or ပႃပ (Burmese script)
ปาป or ปาปะ (Thai script)
ᨷᩤᨷ (Tai Tham script)
ປາປ or ປາປະ (Lao script)
បាប (Khmer script)
𑄛𑄂𑄛 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit पाप (pāpá).

Adjective

पाप

Devanagari script form of pāpa

Declension

Declension table of "पाप" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	पापो (pāpo)	पापा (pāpā)
Accusative (second)	पापं (pāpaṃ)	पापे (pāpe)
Instrumental (third)	पापेन (pāpena)	पापेहि (pāpehi) or पापेभि (pāpebhi)
Dative (fourth)	पापस्स (pāpassa) or पापाय (pāpāya) or पापत्थं (pāpatthaṃ)	पापानं (pāpānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	पापस्मा (pāpasmā) or पापम्हा (pāpamhā) or पापा (pāpā)	पापेहि (pāpehi) or पापेभि (pāpebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	पापस्स (pāpassa)	पापानं (pāpānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	पापस्मिं (pāpasmiṃ) or पापम्हि (pāpamhi) or पापे (pāpe)	पापेसु (pāpesu)
Vocative (calling)	पाप (pāpa)	पापा (pāpā)

Declension table of "पापी" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	पापी (pāpī)	पापियो (pāpiyo) or पापी (pāpī)
Accusative (second)	पापिं (pāpiṃ) or पापियं (pāpiyaṃ)	पापियो (pāpiyo) or पापी (pāpī)
Instrumental (third)	पापिया (pāpiyā)	पापीहि (pāpīhi) or पापीभि (pāpībhi)
Dative (fourth)	पापिया (pāpiyā)	पापीनं (pāpīnaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	पापिया (pāpiyā)	पापीहि (pāpīhi) or पापीभि (pāpībhi)
Genitive (sixth)	पापिया (pāpiyā)	पापीनं (pāpīnaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	पापिया (pāpiyā) or पापियं (pāpiyaṃ)	पापीसु (pāpīsu)
Vocative (calling)	पापि (pāpi)	पापियो (pāpiyo) or पापी (pāpī)

Declension table of "पाप" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	पापं (pāpaṃ)	पापानि (pāpāni)
Accusative (second)	पापं (pāpaṃ)	पापानि (pāpāni)
Instrumental (third)	पापेन (pāpena)	पापेहि (pāpehi) or पापेभि (pāpebhi)
Dative (fourth)	पापस्स (pāpassa) or पापाय (pāpāya) or पापत्थं (pāpatthaṃ)	पापानं (pāpānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	पापस्मा (pāpasmā) or पापम्हा (pāpamhā) or पापा (pāpā)	पापेहि (pāpehi) or पापेभि (pāpebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	पापस्स (pāpassa)	पापानं (pāpānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	पापस्मिं (pāpasmiṃ) or पापम्हि (pāpamhi) or पापे (pāpe)	पापेसु (pāpesu)
Vocative (calling)	पाप (pāpa)	पापानि (pāpāni)

Noun

पाप n

Devanagari script form of pāpa (“sin”)

Declension

Declension table of "पाप" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	पापं (pāpaṃ)	पापानि (pāpāni)
Accusative (second)	पापं (pāpaṃ)	पापानि (pāpāni)
Instrumental (third)	पापेन (pāpena)	पापेहि (pāpehi) or पापेभि (pāpebhi)
Dative (fourth)	पापस्स (pāpassa) or पापाय (pāpāya) or पापत्थं (pāpatthaṃ)	पापानं (pāpānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	पापस्मा (pāpasmā) or पापम्हा (pāpamhā) or पापा (pāpā)	पापेहि (pāpehi) or पापेभि (pāpebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	पापस्स (pāpassa)	पापानं (pāpānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	पापस्मिं (pāpasmiṃ) or पापम्हि (pāpamhi) or पापे (pāpe)	पापेसु (pāpesu)
Vocative (calling)	पाप (pāpa)	पापानि (pāpāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

পাপ (Assamese script)
ᬧᬵᬧ (Balinese script)
পাপ (Bengali script)
𑰢𑰯𑰢 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀧𑀸𑀧 (Brahmi script)
ပါပ (Burmese script)
પાપ (Gujarati script)
ਪਾਪ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌪𑌾𑌪 (Grantha script)
ꦥꦴꦥ (Javanese script)
𑂣𑂰𑂣 (Kaithi script)
ಪಾಪ (Kannada script)
បាប (Khmer script)
ປາປ (Lao script)
പാപ (Malayalam script)
ᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢒᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘢𑘰𑘢 (Modi script)
ᢒᠠᢗᢒᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑧂𑧑𑧂 (Nandinagari script)
𑐥𑐵𑐥 (Newa script)
ପାପ (Odia script)
ꢦꢵꢦ (Saurashtra script)
𑆥𑆳𑆥 (Sharada script)
𑖢𑖯𑖢 (Siddham script)
පාප (Sinhalese script)
𑩰𑩛𑩰 (Soyombo script)
𑚞𑚭𑚞 (Takri script)
பாப (Tamil script)
పాప (Telugu script)
ปาป (Thai script)
པཱ་པ (Tibetan script)
𑒣𑒰𑒣 (Tirhuta script)
𑨞𑨊𑨞 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pāpás. Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬁𐬞𐬀 (pāpa).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɑː.pɐ́/, /pɑ́ː.pɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pɑː.pɐ/

Adjective

पा॒प or पाप॑ • (pāpá or pā́pa) stem

bad, vicious, wicked, evil, wretched, vile, low
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda
(astrology) boding evil, inauspicious

Usage notes

Feminine declension in ī occurs in Vedic Sanskrit, while ā-stem feminine declension is more prevalent in Classical Sanskrit.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पा॒प
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पा॒पः (pāpáḥ)	पा॒पौ (pāpáu) पा॒पा¹ (pāpā́¹)	पा॒पाः (pāpā́ḥ) पा॒पासः॑¹ (pāpā́saḥ¹)
accusative	पा॒पम् (pāpám)	पा॒पौ (pāpáu) पा॒पा¹ (pāpā́¹)	पा॒पान् (pāpā́n)
instrumental	पा॒पेन॑ (pāpéna)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पैः (pāpáiḥ) पा॒पेभिः॑¹ (pāpébhiḥ¹)
dative	पा॒पाय॑ (pāpā́ya)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पेभ्यः॑ (pāpébhyaḥ)
ablative	पा॒पात् (pāpā́t)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पेभ्यः॑ (pāpébhyaḥ)
genitive	पा॒पस्य॑ (pāpásya)	पा॒पयोः॑ (pāpáyoḥ)	पा॒पाना॑म् (pāpā́nām)
locative	पा॒पे (pāpé)	पा॒पयोः॑ (pāpáyoḥ)	पा॒पेषु॑ (pāpéṣu)
vocative	पाप॑ (pā́pa)	पापौ॑ (pā́pau) पापा॑¹ (pā́pā¹)	पापाः॑ (pā́pāḥ) पापा॑सः¹ (pā́pāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of पा॒पी
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पा॒पी (pāpī́)	पा॒प्यौ॑ (pāpyàu) पा॒पी¹ (pāpī́¹)	पा॒प्यः॑ (pāpyàḥ) पा॒पीः¹ (pāpī́ḥ¹)
accusative	पा॒पीम् (pāpī́m)	पा॒प्यौ॑ (pāpyàu) पा॒पी¹ (pāpī́¹)	पा॒पीः (pāpī́ḥ)
instrumental	पा॒प्या (pāpyā́)	पा॒पीभ्या॑म् (pāpī́bhyām)	पा॒पीभिः॑ (pāpī́bhiḥ)
dative	पा॒प्यै (pāpyái)	पा॒पीभ्या॑म् (pāpī́bhyām)	पा॒पीभ्यः॑ (pāpī́bhyaḥ)
ablative	पा॒प्याः (pāpyā́ḥ) पा॒प्यै² (pāpyái²)	पा॒पीभ्या॑म् (pāpī́bhyām)	पा॒पीभ्यः॑ (pāpī́bhyaḥ)
genitive	पा॒प्याः (pāpyā́ḥ) पा॒प्यै² (pāpyái²)	पा॒प्योः (pāpyóḥ)	पा॒पीना॑म् (pāpī́nām)
locative	पा॒प्याम् (pāpyā́m)	पा॒प्योः (pāpyóḥ)	पा॒पीषु॑ (pāpī́ṣu)
vocative	पापि॑ (pā́pi)	पाप्यौ॑ (pā́pyau) पापी॑¹ (pā́pī¹)	पाप्यः॑ (pā́pyaḥ) पापीः॑¹ (pā́pīḥ¹)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Feminine ā-stem declension of पा॒पा
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पा॒पा (pāpā́)	पा॒पे (pāpé)	पा॒पाः (pāpā́ḥ)
accusative	पा॒पाम् (pāpā́m)	पा॒पे (pāpé)	पा॒पाः (pāpā́ḥ)
instrumental	पा॒पया॑ (pāpáyā) पा॒पा¹ (pāpā́¹)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पाभिः॑ (pāpā́bhiḥ)
dative	पा॒पायै॑ (pāpā́yai)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पाभ्यः॑ (pāpā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	पा॒पायाः॑ (pāpā́yāḥ) पा॒पायै॑² (pāpā́yai²)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पाभ्यः॑ (pāpā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	पा॒पायाः॑ (pāpā́yāḥ) पा॒पायै॑² (pāpā́yai²)	पा॒पयोः॑ (pāpáyoḥ)	पा॒पाना॑म् (pāpā́nām)
locative	पा॒पाया॑म् (pāpā́yām)	पा॒पयोः॑ (pāpáyoḥ)	पा॒पासु॑ (pāpā́su)
vocative	पापे॑ (pā́pe)	पापे॑ (pā́pe)	पापाः॑ (pā́pāḥ)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of पा॒प
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पा॒पम् (pāpám)	पा॒पे (pāpé)	पा॒पानि॑ (pāpā́ni) पा॒पा¹ (pāpā́¹)
accusative	पा॒पम् (pāpám)	पा॒पे (pāpé)	पा॒पानि॑ (pāpā́ni) पा॒पा¹ (pāpā́¹)
instrumental	पा॒पेन॑ (pāpéna)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पैः (pāpáiḥ) पा॒पेभिः॑¹ (pāpébhiḥ¹)
dative	पा॒पाय॑ (pāpā́ya)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पेभ्यः॑ (pāpébhyaḥ)
ablative	पा॒पात् (pāpā́t)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पेभ्यः॑ (pāpébhyaḥ)
genitive	पा॒पस्य॑ (pāpásya)	पा॒पयोः॑ (pāpáyoḥ)	पा॒पाना॑म् (pāpā́nām)
locative	पा॒पे (pāpé)	पा॒पयोः॑ (pāpáyoḥ)	पा॒पेषु॑ (pāpéṣu)
vocative	पाप॑ (pā́pa)	पापे॑ (pā́pe)	पापा॑नि (pā́pāni) पापा॑¹ (pā́pā¹)

¹Vedic

Noun

पा॒प • (pāpá) stem, m

a wicked man, wretch, villain
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पा॒प
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पा॒पः (pāpáḥ)	पा॒पौ (pāpáu) पा॒पा¹ (pāpā́¹)	पा॒पाः (pāpā́ḥ) पा॒पासः॑¹ (pāpā́saḥ¹)
accusative	पा॒पम् (pāpám)	पा॒पौ (pāpáu) पा॒पा¹ (pāpā́¹)	पा॒पान् (pāpā́n)
instrumental	पा॒पेन॑ (pāpéna)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पैः (pāpáiḥ) पा॒पेभिः॑¹ (pāpébhiḥ¹)
dative	पा॒पाय॑ (pāpā́ya)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पेभ्यः॑ (pāpébhyaḥ)
ablative	पा॒पात् (pāpā́t)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पेभ्यः॑ (pāpébhyaḥ)
genitive	पा॒पस्य॑ (pāpásya)	पा॒पयोः॑ (pāpáyoḥ)	पा॒पाना॑म् (pāpā́nām)
locative	पा॒पे (pāpé)	पा॒पयोः॑ (pāpáyoḥ)	पा॒पेषु॑ (pāpéṣu)
vocative	पाप॑ (pā́pa)	पापौ॑ (pā́pau) पापा॑¹ (pā́pā¹)	पापाः॑ (pā́pāḥ) पापा॑सः¹ (pā́pāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Noun

पा॒प • (pāpá) stem, n

evil, misfortune, ill-luck, trouble, mischief, harm
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
sin, vice, crime, guilt
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of पा॒प
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पा॒पम् (pāpám)	पा॒पे (pāpé)	पा॒पानि॑ (pāpā́ni) पा॒पा¹ (pāpā́¹)
accusative	पा॒पम् (pāpám)	पा॒पे (pāpé)	पा॒पानि॑ (pāpā́ni) पा॒पा¹ (pāpā́¹)
instrumental	पा॒पेन॑ (pāpéna)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पैः (pāpáiḥ) पा॒पेभिः॑¹ (pāpébhiḥ¹)
dative	पा॒पाय॑ (pāpā́ya)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पेभ्यः॑ (pāpébhyaḥ)
ablative	पा॒पात् (pāpā́t)	पा॒पाभ्या॑म् (pāpā́bhyām)	पा॒पेभ्यः॑ (pāpébhyaḥ)
genitive	पा॒पस्य॑ (pāpásya)	पा॒पयोः॑ (pāpáyoḥ)	पा॒पाना॑म् (pāpā́nām)
locative	पा॒पे (pāpé)	पा॒पयोः॑ (pāpáyoḥ)	पा॒पेषु॑ (pāpéṣu)
vocative	पाप॑ (pā́pa)	पापे॑ (pā́pe)	पापा॑नि (pā́pāni) पापा॑¹ (pā́pā¹)

¹Vedic

Synonyms

पातक (pātaka)
आगस् (āgas)
एनस् (enas)

Descendants

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀬 (pāya)
Pali: pāpa
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀯 (pāva)
- Old Gujarati: पाव (pāv)

Borrowed terms

→ Bengali: পাপ (pap)
→ Gujarati: પાપ (pāp)
→ Indonesian: papa
→ Kannada: ಪಾಪ (pāpa)
→ Khmer: បាប (baap)
→ Lao: ບາບ (bāp)
→ Lü: ᦢᦱᧇ (ḃaab)
→ Malayalam: പാപം (pāpaṁ)
→ Punjabi: ਪਾਪ (pāpa)
→ Tamil: பாவம் (pāvam)
→ Telugu: పాపము (pāpamu)
→ Thai: บาป (bàap)
→ Urdu: پاپ (pāp)