तो
Hindi
Etymology
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit, probably from Sanskrit ततस् (tatas, “from there”).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /t̪oː/
Audio: (file)
Conjunction
तो • (to) (Urdu spelling تو)
- then (in that case; at that time)
- अगर वह जाएगा तो मैं भी जाऊँगा।
- agar vah jāegā to ma͠i bhī jāūṅgā.
- If he goes, [then] I will go too.
Interjection
तो • (to) (Urdu spelling تو)
- well, so
- तो हम क्या करें? ― to ham kyā karẽ? ― So what do we do?
- so...
- really, actually
- सच तो यह है कि आज घर पे ही रहा।
- sac to yah hai ki āj ghar pe hī rahā.
- The truth is, actually, that I stayed at home today.
- just, at least
- बोलो तो! ― bolo to! ― Say [something] at least!
- moreover, furthermore
- तो भी ― to bhī ― even then
Derived terms
- तो क्या (to kyā, “so what?”)
Particle
तो • (to) (Urdu spelling تو)
- a topic marking emphatic particle; at least; right?
- तू ठीक तो है न? ― tū ṭhīk to hai na? ― You are at least fine, right?
- नेहा तो अच्छी है।
- nehā to acchī hai.
- Neha is good. (nuance: Speaking of Neha, She is good.)
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “तो”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Konkani
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈt̪ɔ/
Pronoun
तो • (to) (Latin script to, Kannada script ತೊ)
- he (distal)
Marathi
Etymology
Inherited from Old Marathi तो (to), from Sanskrit तत् (tat).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t̪o/
Audio: (file)
Pronoun
तो • (to)
- he (singular)
Sindhi
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /to/
Pronoun
तो • (to) (Perso-Arabic تو)
- oblique of तूं (tū̃)
Related terms
| person | direct | oblique | genitive | dative | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | Singular | آئون (āū̃), مان (mā̃) • आउं, मां | مون (mū̃) • मूं | منهنجو (mũhinjo) • मुंहिंजो | مون کي (mū̃ khē) • मूं खे | |||
| Plural | اسين (asī̃) • असीं | اسان (asā̃) • असां | اسان جو (asā̃ jo) • असां जो | اسان کي (asā̃ khe) • असां खे | ||||
| 2nd person | Singular | تون (tū̃) • तूं | تو (to) • तो | تنهنجو (tũhinjo) • तुंहिंजो | تو کي (to khe) • तो खे | |||
| Plural | توهين (tavhī̃), اوهين (avhī̃) • तव्हीं, अव्हीं | توهان (tavhā̃), اوهان (avhā̃) • तव्हां, अव्हां | توهان جو (tavhā̃ jo) • तव्हां जो | توهان کي (tavhā̃ khe) • तव्हां खे | ||||
| 3rd person | Nonspecific | Proximal | Singular | Masculine | هي (hī) • ही | هن (hina) • हिन | هن جو (hina jo) • हिन जो | هن کي (hina khe) • हिन खे |
| Feminine | هيء (hīa) • हीअ | |||||||
| Plural | هي (hī) • ही | هنن (hinani) • हिननि | هنن جو (hinani jo) • हिननि जो | هنن کي (hinani khe) • हिननि खे | ||||
| Distal | Singular | Masculine | هو (hū) • हू | هن (huna) • हुन | هن جو (huna jo) • हुन जो | هن کي (huna khe) • हुन खे | ||
| Feminine | هوء (hūa) • हूअ | |||||||
| Plural | هو (hū) • हू | هنن (hunani) • हुननि | هنن جو (hunani jo) • हुननि जो | هنن کي (hunani khe) • हुननि खे | ||||
| Specific | Proximal | Singular | Masculine | اهو (iho) • इहो | انهين (inhẽ) • इन्हें | انهين جو (inhẽ jo) • इन्हें जो | انهين کي (inhẽ khe) • इन्हें खे | |
| Feminine | اها (ihā) • इहा | |||||||
| Plural | اهي (ihe) • इहे | انهن (inhani) • इन्हनि | انهن جو (inhani jo) • इन्हनि जो | انهن کي (inhani khe) • इन्हनि खे | ||||
| Distal | Singular | Masculine | اهو (uho) • उहो | انهين (unhẽ) • उन्हें | انهين جو (unhẽ jo) • उन्हें जो | انهين کي (unhẽ khe) • उन्हें खे | ||
| Feminine | اها (uhā) • उहा | |||||||
| Plural | اهي (uhe) • उहे | انهن (unhani) • उन्हनि | انهن جو (unhani jo) • उन्हनि जो | انهن کي (unhani khe) • उन्हनि खे | ||||
References
- Parmanand, Mewaram (1910), “تو”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society