çöyğüsi

Salar

Etymology

Cognate to either dialectal Turkish çöğmek (“to jump, leap; to rush out”), çöğdürmek (“to urinate; to squirt, ejaculate”), çöğürmek (“to scare, frighten”), çöğelmek (“to raise one's gaze to”), Gagauz çüümää or Turkish çökmek (“to go down; to kneel down”), Gagauz çökmää (“to go down; to kneel down”) and doublet of Salar çökgüsi (“to kneel down (animals)”). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Pronunciation

  • (Xunhua, Qinghai; Ili, Xinjiang) IPA(key): /t͡ɕøjɣysi/
  • (Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): /t͡ɕyjɣysi/
  • Hyphenation: çöy‧ğü‧si

Verb

çöyğüsi (present çöyer, past çöyci)

  1. to put down, throw down
    Aş çöy.
    Put down the noodles.
  2. to look down on
    Ata-ananı çöyi Xudağa dattınme.
    if you put down (honoring) your parents, don’t expect God’s grace.
  3. to set aside, postpone something
    İnigi yağ zitıñnı çöyğen, kişnigi su zitıñnı itgen.
    He puts aside worries about his own oil jar, but worries about others’ water jars.
  4. to give up to, abandon, forget
    Çöydoğo!
    Forget it!
    Emcük çöyci.
    I have weaned.
    Güzde azuğun çöyme.
    Do not forget food at Autumn.
  5. to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.)
    Esgi terdenni çöyelmes.
    (You) can not take off old overcoat.
    Xayın çöyce yalañ-adaq ötgelci.
    S/he took the shoes off and came (here) barefoot.
  6. to built (for bridges)
    Çürgen ağaşnı kömir çöyelmes.
    (You) can't build a bridge with rotten wood.
  7. to wave (hand)
    (about frog) ...Sıxı golını bir çöyğen vaxında, könköndi xibey, nañ yögö huāyuán bellenmiş debar-a. Yolaq ocini bir çöyğen natca, bir oynağanda yögö su ma hǎi belleceni, su içinde ciçik açılcanı elgi bellenmiş debar-a.
    When it waved its right arm, it said that everything turned into a garden. When it waved its left hand and jumped, it said that everything turned into an ocean, and that the ocean was full of flowers.
  8. to leave behind, pass
    Marcanı çöygimiş, Salunbığa yetmiş.
    S/he has passed the Marca and has arrived at the Salunbı.
    Se' anda keme çöygiğür-i?
    Who would you leave her with there?

Derived terms

  • çöydürğüsi
  • çöyin

Conjugation

Conjugation of çöyğüsi
basic conjugation
basic conjugation
positive negative
experiential inferential experiential inferential
aorist çöyer çöyer-a çöymes çöymes-a
continuous çöybır çöyba(r) çöy yoxdır,
çöymır 		çöy yox-a
past çöyci çöymiş çöymeci çöymemiş
future çöyğür çöyğe(r) çöymeğür çöymeğe(r)
past perfect çöyğen var çöyğen var-a çöyğen yoxdır çöyğen yox-a
necessitative çöyği çöymeği
conditional çöyse çöymese
imperative 1st person plural çöyel çöymeğel
2nd & 3rd person çöy çöyme
2nd person çöydoğo çöyquma
3rd person çöyqoğı çöymeği
infinitive çöyğüsi çöymeğüsi
manner noun çöyüş çöymeş
impersonal participle imperfective çöyğen çöymeğen
perfective çöymiş çöymemiş
prospective çöyğüsi çöymeğüsi
agent noun çöyğüci çöymeğüci
converbs
purposive converb çöyme
posterior converb çöyğü, çöyceni
anterior converb çöyğünçük
iterative converb çöye-çöye
immediate posterior converb çöyğüşli
causal converb çöyceni
prospective converb çöyğüdene
sequential converb çöyi
question conjugation
question conjugation
positive negative
experimental1 inferential2 experimental inferential
aorist çöyer-(m)i çöyer-(m)o çöymes-(m)i çöymes-(m)o
continuous çöybır-(m)i çöyba(r)-(m)o çöy yoxdır-(m)i çöy yox-aro
past çöy-du,
çöyci-mu 		çöymiş-(m)o çöyme-du,
çöymeci-mu 		çöymemiş-(m)o
future çöyğür-(m)i çöyğe(r)-(m)o çöymeğür-(m)i çöymeğe(r)-(m)o
past perfect çöyğen var-(m)i çöyğen var-(m)o çöyğen yoxdır-(m)i çöyğen yox-aro
necessitative çöyği-mu çöymeği-mu
conditional çöyse-mu çöymese-mu
imperative 1st person plural çöyel-mu çöymeğel-mu
2nd & 3rd person çöy-mu çöyme-mu
2nd person çöydoğo-mu çöyquma-mu
3rd person çöyqoğı-mu çöymeği-mu
infinitive çöyğüsi-mu çöymeğüsi-mu
manner noun çöyüş-mu çöymeş-mu
impersonal participle imperfective çöyğen-mu çöymeğen-mu
perfective çöymiş-mu çöymemiş-mu
prospective çöyğüsi-mu çöymeğüsi-mu
agent noun çöyğüci-mu çöymeğüci-mu
potential conjugation
potential conjugation
positive negative
experiential inferential experiential inferential
aorist çöyeler çöyeler-a çöyelmes çöyelmes-a
continuous çöyelbır çöyelba(r) çöyel yoxdır,
çöyelmır 		çöyel yox-a
past çöyelci çöyelmiş çöyelmeci çöyelmemiş
future çöyelğür çöyelğe(r) çöyelmeğür çöyelmeğe(r)
past perfect çöyelğen var çöyelğen var-a çöyelğen yoxdır çöyelğen yox-a
inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
positive negative
experiential inferential experiential inferential
aorist {{{71}}} {{{72}}} {{{101}}} {{{102}}}
continuous {{{73}}} {{{74}}} {{{103}}},
{{{1031}}} 		{{{104}}}
past {{{75}}} {{{76}}} {{{105}}} {{{106}}}
future {{{77}}} {{{78}}} {{{107}}} {{{108}}}
past perfect {{{79}}} {{{80}}} {{{109}}} {{{110}}}

1 The speaker knows the answer to the question, or believes that herself/himself does.
2 The speaker genuinely does not know the answer to the question.

References

  • Kakuk, S. (1962), “çöyğüsi”, in “Un Vocabulaire Salar”, in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae‎[1], volume 14, number 2, Akadémiai Kiadó, →ISBN, pages 173-196
  • Tenishev, Edhem (1976), “çöyğüsi”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 313
  • 林 (Lin), 莲云 (Lianyun) (1992), “çöyğüsi”, in 撒拉汉汉撒拉词汇 [Salar-Chinese, Chinese-Salar Vocabulary], 成都: 四川民族出版社, →ISBN, page 74
  • Yakup, Abdurishid (2002), “çöyğüsi”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon‎[2], Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 71
  • 进锋张 [Ayso Cañ Cinfen] (2008), 乌璐别格 [Ulubeğ], 鄭初陽 [Çuyañ Yebey oğlı Ceñ], editors, 撒拉尔谚语 [Salar İbret Sözler, Salar Proverbs]‎[3], China Salar Youth League, pages 4, 31, 96, 101-102
  • Ma, Chengjun; Han, Lianye; Ma, Weisheng (December 2010), “çöyğüsi”, in 米娜瓦尔 艾比布拉 (Minavar Abibra), editor, 撒维汉词典 (Sāwéihàncídiǎn) [Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, page 65
  • 马伟 (Ma Wei) (2016), “çöyğüsi”, in 濒危语言——撒拉语研究 [Endangered Languages ​​- Salar Language Studies], 青海 (Qinghai): 青海师范大学 (Qinghai Normal University), Unpublished finalized project manuscript (国家社会科学基金项目结项稿, 定稿; National Social Science Fund of China), pages 194, 205, 233, 286, 249
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