viridis

Latin

From vireō (“flourish; be verdant”).

viridis (neuter viride, comparative viridior, superlative viridissimus); third-declension two-termination adjective

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

	masc./fem.	neuter	masc./fem.	neuter
	singular		plural
nominative	viridis	viride	viridēs	viridia
genitive	viridis		viridium
dative	viridī		viridibus
accusative	viridem	viride	viridīs viridēs	viridia
ablative	viridī		viridibus
vocative	viridis	viride	viridēs	viridia

Reflexes of the late variant virdis:

Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: veardi, vearde, verdi
- Istro-Romanian: verde
- Megleno-Romanian: veardi, verdi
- Romanian: verde
Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: verde, verdi
- Dalmatian: vert
- Gallurese: veldi
- Italian: verde
- Neapolitan: verde
- Sassarese: verdhi
- Sicilian: virdi
North Italian:
- Gallo-Italic:
  - Emilian: vaird
  - Ligurian: vèrde
  - Lombard: verd
  - Piedmontese: verd
  - Romagnol: vérd
- Friulian: vert, verd
- Istriot: virdo
- Ladin: vërt
- Romansh: verd, veard (Sutsilvan)
- Venetan: vérdo
Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: verd
- Franco-Provençal: vèrd
- Old French: vert (see there for further descendants)
- Occitan: verd
Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: verde, berde
- Old Leonese:
  - Asturian: verde
  - Leonese: verde
  - Mirandese: berde
- Old Galician-Portuguese: verde
  - Fala: verdi
  - Galician: verde
  - Portuguese: verde (see there for further descendants)
- Old Spanish: verde
  - Ladino: vedre
  - Spanish: verde (see there for further descendants)
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: birde, vidre, bidre
⇒ Vulgar Latin: (see there for further descendants)
Borrowings:
- → Albanian: verdhë
- → Proto-Brythonic: *gwɨrð (see there for further descendants)

Colors in Latin · colōrēs (layout · text)
albus, candidus, cānus, marmoreus (poetic), eburneus (poetic), niveus (poetic), argenteus (poetic), lacteus (poetic)	rāvus, pullus, mūrīnus (of livestock)	niger, āter, furvus, fuscus ("swarthy"), piceus (poetic)
ruber, russus, rūbidus (dark), flammeus (poetic); rutilus, pūniceus, spādīx (poetic), sanguineus (poetic)	rūfus, rutilus, rōbus (of oxen), croceus (poetic), aureus (poetic); fulvus (poetic), niger (of eyes), badius (of horses)	lūteus, flāvus ("blond"), lūridus, gilvus (of horses), helvus (of cattle); cēreus (poetic)
viridis, flāvus (poetic)	viridis, herbeus (of eyes), fulvus (poetic)	viridis, glaucus (poetic), caeruleus (poetic, only dark)
	glaucus (poetic), caeruleus, caesius (of eyes)	caeruleus, līvidus, ferrūgineus (poetic), glaucus (poetic)
violāceus	purpureus (underlying shade)	roseus

^ Bradley, M. (2009). Colour and Meaning in Ancient Rome. (Cambridge Classical Studies).

“viridis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“viridis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
“viridis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.