rubidus

English

Etymology

From Latin rubidus.

Noun

rubidus (plural rubiduses)

  1. A butterfly, hybrid between the viceroy (Limenitis archippus) and the red-spotted purple (Limenitis arthemis astyanax).

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”) +‎ -idus. The different ablaut grade from rubeō suggests that the adjective is not directly derived from the stative verb.[1] Probably most closely related to rōbus and rōbīgō.

Pronunciation

Adjective

rūbidus (feminine rūbida, neuter rūbidum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. dark red
  2. (of bread, precise meaning uncertain) red-brown (or) twice-baked (or) partially baked
    • c. 180 BCE, Plautus, Casina 2.5.1–3, (iambic senarius):
      Una edepol opera in furnum calidum condito
      Atque ibi torreto me pro pane rubido,
      Era, qua istuc opera a me impetres quod postulas.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative rūbidus rūbida rūbidum rūbidī rūbidae rūbida
genitive rūbidī rūbidae rūbidī rūbidōrum rūbidārum rūbidōrum
dative rūbidō rūbidae rūbidō rūbidīs
accusative rūbidum rūbidam rūbidum rūbidōs rūbidās rūbida
ablative rūbidō rūbidā rūbidō rūbidīs
vocative rūbide rūbida rūbidum rūbidī rūbidae rūbida

Etymology 2

From rubeō and -idus. Appears to have a different meaning from rūbidus. Attested since the 1st century AD alongside the proliferation of derived color terms with -idus.

Pronunciation

Adjective

rubidus (feminine rubida, neuter rubidum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. red in color, appearing red
Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative rubidus rubida rubidum rubidī rubidae rubida
genitive rubidī rubidae rubidī rubidōrum rubidārum rubidōrum
dative rubidō rubidae rubidō rubidīs
accusative rubidum rubidam rubidum rubidōs rubidās rubida
ablative rubidō rubidā rubidō rubidīs
vocative rubide rubida rubidum rubidī rubidae rubida

See also

Colors in Latin · colōrēs (layout · text)
     albus, candidus, cānus, marmoreus (poetic), eburneus (poetic), niveus (poetic), argenteus (poetic), lacteus (poetic)      rāvus, pullus, mūrīnus (of livestock)      niger, āter, furvus, fuscus ("swarthy"), piceus (poetic)
             ruber, russus, rūbidus (dark), flammeus (poetic); rutilus, pūniceus, spādīx (poetic), sanguineus (poetic)              rūfus, rutilus, rōbus (of oxen), croceus (poetic), aureus (poetic); fulvus (poetic), niger (of eyes), badius (of horses)              lūteus, flāvus ("blond"), lūridus, gilvus (of horses), helvus (of cattle); cēreus (poetic)
             viridis, flāvus (poetic)              viridis, herbeus (of eyes), fulvus (poetic)              viridis, glaucus (poetic), caeruleus (poetic, only dark)
                          glaucus (poetic), caeruleus, caesius (of eyes)              caeruleus, līvidus, ferrūgineus (poetic), glaucus (poetic)
             violāceus              purpureus (underlying shade)              roseus

References

  1. ^ "*Jocidus: an account of the Latin adjectives in -idus", Alan J Nussbaum, 1999.

Further reading

  • “rubidus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “rubidus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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