vaha
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vaha, from Proto-Germanic *wahsą or Proto-Baltic *waksa, *vakša. Compare English wax and Latvian vasks, respectively.
Noun
vaha (genitive vaha, partitive vaha)
Declension
| Declension of vaha (ÕS type 17/elu, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | vaha | vahad | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | vaha | ||
| genitive | vahade | ||
| partitive | vaha | vahasid | |
| illative | vahha vahasse |
vahadesse | |
| inessive | vahas | vahades | |
| elative | vahast | vahadest | |
| allative | vahale | vahadele | |
| adessive | vahal | vahadel | |
| ablative | vahalt | vahadelt | |
| translative | vahaks | vahadeks | |
| terminative | vahani | vahadeni | |
| essive | vahana | vahadena | |
| abessive | vahata | vahadeta | |
| comitative | vahaga | vahadega | |
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʋɑhɑ/, [ˈʋɑ̝ɦɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -ɑhɑ
- Syllabification(key): va‧ha
- Hyphenation(key): va‧ha
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *vaha, borrowed either from Proto-Germanic *wahsą, from Proto-Baltic *vakša (compare Latvian vasks), or all three are from a substrate language.
Noun
vaha
Declension
| Inflection of vaha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | vaha | vahat | |
| genitive | vahan | vahojen | |
| partitive | vahaa | vahoja | |
| illative | vahaan | vahoihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | vaha | vahat | |
| accusative | nom. | vaha | vahat |
| gen. | vahan | ||
| genitive | vahan | vahojen vahain rare | |
| partitive | vahaa | vahoja | |
| inessive | vahassa | vahoissa | |
| elative | vahasta | vahoista | |
| illative | vahaan | vahoihin | |
| adessive | vahalla | vahoilla | |
| ablative | vahalta | vahoilta | |
| allative | vahalle | vahoille | |
| essive | vahana | vahoina | |
| translative | vahaksi | vahoiksi | |
| abessive | vahatta | vahoitta | |
| instructive | — | vahoin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of vaha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
compounds
- autovaha
- hiusvaha
- kalustevaha
- karnaubavaha
- kiillotusvaha
- kittivaha
- korvavaha
- kynttilävaha
- lattiavaha
- mehiläisvaha
- merenvaha
- muovailuvaha
- partavaha
- sinettivaha
- vahagalleria
- vahakabinetti
- vahakakku
- vahakangas
- vahakoisa
- vahakukka
- vahakuva
- vahakynttilä
- vahalieriö
- vahaliitu
- vahamaalaus
- vahanokka
- vahanukke
- vahapaperi
- vahapapu
- vahapatsas
- vahasara
- vahataulu
- vahatulppa
- vahavalu
- vahaveistos
- valaanpäävaha
- viiksivaha
- villavaha
Further reading
- “vaha”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 4 July 2023
Etymology 2
Possibly related to Estonian -va seen in some place names,[1] in which case from Proto-Finnic.
Noun
vaha (obsolete, dialectal, Western Finnish)
- large rock, boulder, borderstone
- Synonyms: kallio (“(large) rock, cliff face”), lohkare (“boulder, large rock”), rajakivi (“borderstone”)
- 1642, Biblia: Se on: Coco Pyhä Ramattu Suomexi [The Bible, i.e. the entire Holy Bible in Finnish], Hiobin kirja (Job) 14:18:
- Wuori caatu ja cato/ ja waha sijrty siastans.
- [Vuori kaatu[i] ja kato[i], ja vaha siirty[i] sijastans[a].]
- And surely the mountains falling cometh to nought, and the rock is removed out of his place.
Declension
| Inflection of vaha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | vaha | vahat | |
| genitive | vahan | vahojen | |
| partitive | vahaa | vahoja | |
| illative | vahaan | vahoihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | vaha | vahat | |
| accusative | nom. | vaha | vahat |
| gen. | vahan | ||
| genitive | vahan | vahojen vahain rare | |
| partitive | vahaa | vahoja | |
| inessive | vahassa | vahoissa | |
| elative | vahasta | vahoista | |
| illative | vahaan | vahoihin | |
| adessive | vahalla | vahoilla | |
| ablative | vahalta | vahoilta | |
| allative | vahalle | vahoille | |
| essive | vahana | vahoina | |
| translative | vahaksi | vahoiksi | |
| abessive | vahatta | vahoitta | |
| instructive | — | vahoin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of vaha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
References
- ^ Lauri Hakulinen (1956), “Vaha 'iso kivi' Viron paikannimissä”, in Virittäjä (in Finnish), volume 60, number 4, page 402
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vaha. Cognates include Finnish vaha and Estonian vaha.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈʋɑhɑ/, [ˈʋɑhɑˑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈʋɑhɑ/, [ˈʋɑɣ̥ɑˑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑhɑ
- Hyphenation: va‧ha
Noun
vaha
Declension
| Declension of vaha (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | vaha | vahat |
| genitive | vahan | vahhoin |
| partitive | vahhaa | vahoja |
| illative | vahhaa | vahhoi |
| inessive | vahas | vahois |
| elative | vahast | vahoist |
| allative | vahalle | vahoille |
| adessive | vahal | vahoil |
| ablative | vahalt | vahoilt |
| translative | vahaks | vahoiks |
| essive | vahanna, vahhaan | vahoinna, vahhoin |
| exessive1) | vahant | vahoint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 629
Karelian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vaha, borrowed either from Proto-Germanic *wahsą or Proto-Baltic *waksa, *vakša. Compare English wax and Latvian vasks, respectively.
Noun
vaha
Spanish
Verb
vaha
- inflection of vahar:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Tahitian
Etymology
Cognate with Hawaiian waha and Rapa Nui haha.
Noun
vaha
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish واحه (vahā), from Arabic وَاحَة (wāḥa).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vɑ.ˈhɑ/
Audio: (file)
Noun
vaha (definite accusative vahayı, plural vahalar)
Declension
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Veps
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vaha, borrowed either from Proto-Germanic *wahsą or Proto-Baltic *waksa, *vakša. Compare English wax and Latvian vasks, respectively.
Noun
vaha
Inflection
| Inflection of vaha (inflection type 6/kuva) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative sing. | vaha | ||
| genitive sing. | vahan | ||
| partitive sing. | vahad | ||
| partitive plur. | — | ||
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | vaha | — | |
| accusative | vahan | — | |
| genitive | vahan | — | |
| partitive | vahad | — | |
| essive-instructive | vahan | — | |
| translative | vahaks | — | |
| inessive | vahas | — | |
| elative | vahaspäi | — | |
| illative | vahaze | — | |
| adessive | vahal | — | |
| ablative | vahalpäi | — | |
| allative | vahale | — | |
| abessive | vahata | — | |
| comitative | vahanke | — | |
| prolative | vahadme | — | |
| approximative I | vahanno | — | |
| approximative II | vahannoks | — | |
| egressive | vahannopäi | — | |
| terminative I | vahazesai | — | |
| terminative II | vahalesai | — | |
| terminative III | vahassai | — | |
| additive I | vahazepäi | — | |
| additive II | vahalepäi | — | |
References
- Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “воск”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary][2], Petrozavodsk: Periodika
Votic
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vaha.
Pronunciation
- (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈvɑhɑ/, [ˈvɑhɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑhɑ
- Hyphenation: va‧ha
Noun
vaha
Inflection
| Declension of vaha (type III/jalkõ, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | vaha | vahad |
| genitive | vaha | vahojõ, vahoi |
| partitive | vahha | vahoitõ, vahoi |
| illative | vahhasõ, vahha | vahoisõ |
| inessive | vahaz | vahoiz |
| elative | vahassõ | vahoissõ |
| allative | vahalõ | vahoilõ |
| adessive | vahallõ | vahoillõ |
| ablative | vahaltõ | vahoiltõ |
| translative | vahassi | vahoissi |
| *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. | ||
References
- Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “vaha”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn