tutup
Indonesian
Etymology
Inherited from Malay tutup, from Proto-Malayic *tutup, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tutup.
Cognates
Cognate with Javanese tutup, Minangkabau tutuik, Tagalog tutop.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈtutup/ [ˈt̪u.t̪ʊp̚]
- Rhymes: -utup
- Syllabification: tu‧tup
Verb
tutup (active menutup, reflexive passive tertutup, ordinary passive ditutup, imperative tutup, emphatic-jussive tutuplah)
- to close
Adjective
tutup (not comparable)
Noun
tutup (plural tutup-tutup)
- cover (the front and back of a book, magazine, CD package, etc.)
- lid (the top or cover of a container)
- Synonym: sampul
Derived terms
- tutup ari
- tutup atap
- tutup buku
- tutup bumi
- tutup depan
- tutup diat
- tutup kantor
- tutup keong
- tutup kepuh
- tutup mata
- tutup muka
- tutup mulut
- tutup pintu
- tutup ranjang
- tutup tahun
- tutup tarik
- tutup telinga
- tutup usia
Further reading
- “tutup”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016
Javanese
Romanization
tutup
- romanization of ꦠꦸꦠꦸꦥ꧀
Malay
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tutup (“to cover”). Cognate with Tagalog tutop (“covered with the hand; caught in the act, caught red-handed”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtutup/ [ˈt̪u.t̪up̚]
- Rhymes: -utup, -up
- (schwa-variety) IPA(key): [tutʊp̚, -top̚, -to̞p̚]
- Hyphenation: tu‧tup
Verb
tutup (Jawi spelling توتوڤ)
- to close (a box, bottle, door, etc.)
- Antonym: buka
- Tutup balang biskut itu sekarang!
- Close that biscuit jar now!
- to close; to shut down (a store, business, etc.)
- Antonym: buka
- Selalunya pada pukul berapa Cik Putih tutup kedainya?
- Usually, at what time does Mr. Putih close his shop?
- to cover (the face, a hole, food with a lid, etc.)
- Tolong tutup makanan itu supaya tidak dihinggapi lalat.
- Please cover the food so flies don't land on it.
- Dia tutup mukanya dengan tangan.
- He covered his face with his hands.
Adjective
tutup (Jawi spelling توتوڤ, comparative lebih tutup, superlative paling tutup)
- closed (store)
- Antonym: buka
- Kedai ini sudah tutup sejak pukul 6 petang, cik.
- This store has been closed since 6 in the evening, sir.
- covered (face, a hole, food with a lid, etc.)
- Pastikan semua makanan di atas meja tutup.
- Make sure all the food on the table is covered.
Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations
Regular affixed derivations:
- menutup [agent focus] (meN-)
- menutupkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- menutupi [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
- ditutup [patient focus] (di-)
- ditutupkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
- tertutup [agentless action] (teR-)
- bertutup [stative / habitual] (beR-)
- penutup (“lid; ending to an essay”) [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- penutupan (“act of closing”) [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
- tutupan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
Descendants
- > Indonesian: tutup (inherited)
Further reading
- "tutup" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
Old Javanese
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tutup.
Verb
tutup
- to cover