Swahili
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “is this an alt form of -panua?”)
Pronunciation
Verb
-tanua (infinitive kutanua)
- to widen, broaden, expand, dilate
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -tanua
|
| Positive present
|
-natanua
|
| Subjunctive
|
-tanue
|
| Negative
|
-tanui
|
| Imperative singular
|
tanua
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kutanua
|
| Negative
|
kutotanua
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
tanua
|
| Plural
|
tanueni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hutanua
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -litanua
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kutanua
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -natanua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninatanua/natanua
|
tunatanua
|
| 2nd person
|
unatanua
|
mnatanua
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anatanua
|
wanatanua
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -natanua
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -tanui)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sitanui
|
hatutanui
|
| 2nd person
|
hutanui
|
hamtanui
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hatanui
|
hawatanui
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -tanui
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tatanua
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tatanua
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tanue)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nitanue
|
tutanue
|
| 2nd person
|
utanue
|
mtanue
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
atanue
|
watanue
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -tanue
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sitanue
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngetanua
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singetanua
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalitanua
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalitanua
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atanua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
natanua
|
twatanua
|
| 2nd person
|
watanua
|
mwatanua
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
atanua
|
watanua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
watanua
|
yatanua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
latanua
|
yatanua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chatanua
|
vyatanua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yatanua
|
zatanua
|
| u(XI)
|
watanua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwatanua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
patanua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwatanua
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -metanua
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshatanua
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jatanua
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kitanua
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipotanua
|
| Consecutive
|
katanua / positive subject concord + -katanua
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -katanue
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nitanua
|
-tutanua
|
| 2nd person
|
-kutanua
|
-watanua/-kutanueni/-watanueni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mtanua
|
-watanua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-utanua
|
-itanua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-litanua
|
-yatanua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kitanua
|
-vitanua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-itanua
|
-zitanua
|
| u(XI)
|
-utanua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kutanua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-patanua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mutanua
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jitanua
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tanua- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-tanuaye
|
-tanuao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-tanuao
|
-tanuayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-tanualo
|
-tanuayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-tanuacho
|
-tanuavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-tanuayo
|
-tanuazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-tanuao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-tanuako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-tanuapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-tanuamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tanua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yetanua
|
-otanua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-otanua
|
-yotanua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lotanua
|
-yotanua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chotanua
|
-vyotanua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yotanua
|
-zotanua
|
| u(XI)
|
-otanua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kotanua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-potanua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-motanua
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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