sura

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈsʊə.ɹə/, /ˈsɔː.ɹə/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈsʊ.ɹə/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʊəɹə
• Hyphenation: su‧ra

From Arabic سُورَة (sūra, “chapter of the Qur'an”).

sura (plural suras or suwar)

2. (Islam) Any of the 114 chapters of the Quran.
   • 1985, Kristina Nelson, The Art of Reciting the Qurʾan, Cairo, Egypt: American University in Cairo Press (2001), →ISBN, chapter 2: “Tajwīd”, page 25:

     Most of these essentially uninflected syllables (CV̄C) are names of the letters of the alphabet and introduce some of the suwar of the Qurʾanic text.

• surah

Via Hindi सुरा (surā, “wine”), ultimately from Sanskrit सुरा (surā).

sura (uncountable)

1. The sap of the palmyra or of the coconut palm, palm wine.

• asur, -saur, USRA, 'saur, USAR, Ruas, URAs, saur

surâ

1. fish

• IPA^(key): /surə/
• Hyphenation: su‧ra

Borrowed from Old Javanese sura (“god, deity; divine, celestial”), from Sanskrit सुर (sura, “god, divine, deity; idol; thirty-three; sage, learned man; the image of a god, an idol; sun”).

sura (Balinese script ᬲᬸᬭ)

1. deity

Borrowed from Old Javanese surā (“spirituous liquor”), from Sanskrit सुरा (surā, “wine, spirituous liquor”).

sura (Balinese script ᬲᬸᬭᬵ)

1. liquor (alcoholic)

Borrowed from Old Javanese śūra (“valiant, brave, heroic; valiant man, warrior, champion, hero”), from Sanskrit शूर (śūra, “strong, powerful, valiant, heroic, brave”).

sura (Balinese script ᬰᬹᬭ)

1. brave, hero

Unknown.

• Hyphenation: su‧ra

sura

1. then; and then

Borrowed from Arabic سُورَة (sūra, “chapter of the Qur'an”).

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈsu.ɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈsu.ɾa]
• Rhymes: -uɾa

sura f (plural sures)

1. (Islam) sura

• “sura”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

sura

1. inflection of surar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

• Hyphenation: su‧ra
• IPA^(key): /ˈsuɾa/ [ˈs̪u.ɾ̪ɐ]

Unknown.

sura

1. to tease

From Bantayanon sura.

sura

1. (chiefly Bantayan island) then; and then

From Arabic سُورَة (sūra, “chapter of the Qur'an”).

sura c (singular definite suraen, plural indefinite suraer)

1. (Islam) sura

• “sura” in Den Danske Ordbog

From Arabic سُورَة (sūra, “chapter of the Qur'an”).

• IPA^(key): /súː.ràː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [súː.ràː]

sūr̃ā̀ f (plural sūr̃ōr̃ī, possessed form sūr̃àr̃)

1. (Islam) sura

From Arabic صُورَة (ṣūra).

• IPA^(key): /súː.ràː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [súː.ràː]

sūr̃ā̀ f (plural sūr̃ōr̃ī, possessed form sūr̃àr̃)

1. image, picture, form, appearance

• IPA^(key): /sùː.ráː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [sùː.ráː]

sū̀r̃ā (grade 3)

1. swoop down to grab something

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

sura m (genitive singular sura)

1. (textiles) surah (soft twilled silk)

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “sura”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959), “sura”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm

• IPA^(key): /ˈsu.ra/
• Rhymes: -ura
• Hyphenation: sù‧ra

From Latin sūra.

sura f (plural sure)

1. (anatomy) calf

from Arabic سُورَة (sūra, “chapter of the Qur'an”).

sura f (plural sure)

1. (Islam) sura

sura

1. Rōmaji transcription of すら

sura

1. romanization of ꦱꦸꦫ

Possibly related to sū̆rus (“t-branch, stake”) or from a Proto-Indo-European root common to Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “part of a sacrificial victim”).^[1]

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈsuː.ra]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈsuː.ra]

sūra f (genitive sūrae); first declension

1. calf (of the leg)

First-declension noun.

• “sura”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

From Arabic صُورَة (ṣūra).

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuː.ra/
• Rhymes: -uːra

sura f (plural suriet)

1. image
2. picture
3. photograph

sura m (definite singular suraen, indefinite plural suraer, definite plural suraene)

1. alternative form of sure

sura m (definite singular suraen, indefinite plural suraer or suraar, definite plural suraene or suraane)

1. alternative form of sure

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuː.rɑ/

sūra

1. inflection of sūr:
   1. strong nominative/accusative feminine plural
   2. weak nominative masculine singular

Borrowed from Sanskrit सुर (sura, “god, divine, deity; idol; thirty-three; sage, learned man; the image of a god, an idol; sun”).

• IPA^(key): /su.ra/
• Rhymes: -ra
• Homophones: sura, surā, śūra
• Hyphenation: su‧ra

sura

1. god, deity

sura

1. divine, celestial

• > Javanese: sura (inherited)
• → Balinese: sura

• "sura" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Borrowed from Arabic سُورَة (sūra, “chapter of the Qur'an”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈsu.ra/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ura
• Syllabification: su‧ra

sura f

1. (Islam) sura

• sura in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• sura in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Probably from Armenian սուր (sur, “sword”).

sura ? (plural sur)

1. sword

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979), “սուր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press

• IPA^(key): /ˈsura/

sura

1. (Logudorese) alternative form of subra

• Rubattu, Antoninu (2006), Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes
• Wagner, Max Leopold (1960–1964), “súpra”, in Dizionario etimologico sardo, Heidelberg

Cf. Santali sɛ̃ɽa ("big", "chief").

• IPA^(key): /suɽa/
• IPA^(key): /suɽaː/

sura

1. big

sura

1. big

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuɾa/ [ˈsu.ɾa]
• Rhymes: -uɾa
• Syllabification: su‧ra

sura m (plural suras)

1. sura

• “sura”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Borrowed from Arabic سُورَة (sūra, “chapter of the Qur'an”).^[1]

sura class IX (plural sura class X)

1. chapter
2. sura (chapter of the Qur'an)

Borrowed from Arabic صُورَة (ṣūra).^[2]

sura class IX (plural sura class X)

1. appearance, look
2. face

   Synonym: uso

Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?].

-sura (infinitive kusura)

1. to fart

   Synonyms: -jamba, -shuta

Conjugation of -sura
Positive present -nasura Subjunctive -sure Negative -suri Imperative singular sura
Infinitives
Positive kusura Negative kutosura
Imperatives
Singular sura Plural sureni
Tensed forms
Habitual husura Positive past positive subject concord + -lisura Negative past negative subject concord + -kusura
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasura) Singular Plural 1st person ninasura/nasura tunasura 2nd person unasura mnasura 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anasura wanasura other classes positive subject concord + -nasura
Negative present (negative subject concord + -suri) Singular Plural 1st person sisuri hatusuri 2nd person husuri hamsuri 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hasuri hawasuri other classes negative subject concord + -suri
Positive future positive subject concord + -tasura Negative future negative subject concord + -tasura
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -sure) Singular Plural 1st person nisure tusure 2nd person usure msure 3rd person m-wa(I/II) asure wasure other classes positive subject concord + -sure
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sisure Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngesura Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singesura Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalisura Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalisura
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asura) Singular Plural 1st person nasura twasura 2nd person wasura mwasura 3rd person m-wa(I/II) asura wasura m-mi(III/IV) wasura yasura ji-ma(V/VI) lasura yasura ki-vi(VII/VIII) chasura vyasura n(IX/X) yasura zasura u(XI) wasura see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwasura pa(XVI) pasura mu(XVIII) mwasura
Perfect positive subject concord + -mesura "Already" positive subject concord + -meshasura "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jasura "If/When" positive subject concord + -kisura "If not" positive subject concord + -siposura Consecutive kasura / positive subject concord + -kasura Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kasure
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nisura -tusura 2nd person -kusura -wasura/-kusureni/-wasureni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -msura -wasura m-mi(III/IV) -usura -isura ji-ma(V/VI) -lisura -yasura ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kisura -visura n(IX/X) -isura -zisura u(XI) -usura see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kusura pa(XVI) -pasura mu(XVIII) -musura Reflexive -jisura
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -sura- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -suraye -surao m-mi(III/IV) -surao -surayo ji-ma(V/VI) -suralo -surayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -suracho -suravyo n(IX/X) -surayo -surazo u(XI) -surao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -surako pa(XVI) -surapo mu(XVIII) -suramo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -sura) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yesura -osura m-mi(III/IV) -osura -yosura ji-ma(V/VI) -losura -yosura ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chosura -vyosura n(IX/X) -yosura -zosura u(XI) -osura see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kosura pa(XVI) -posura mu(XVIII) -mosura
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

• IPA^(key): /²sʉːra/
• Rhymes: -²ʉːra

Derivation of adjective sur.

sura

1. inflection of sur:
   1. definite singular
   2. plural

sura (present surar, preterite surade, supine surat, imperative sura)

1. to sulk
   • 1920, August Strindberg, Efterslåtter‎^[1]:

     Vad går du här ensam omkring och surar för? frågade honom en gammal apa, som satt för sig själv och knäckte nötter.

     "Why are you here alone sulking? he was asked by an old monkey, sitting by himself cracking nuts.
     "Most likely he was sulking because she had told him to be ashamed of himself."

   • 2000, Roger Borgelid, Svenska Dagbladet - Människan bakom miljonleendet‎^[2]:

     Det var inte länge sedan [han] framstod som en arrogant diva med taskigt humör, en dålig förlorare som surade över en missad tiometersputt,...

     "It was not long ago that he was seen as an arrogant diva with a bad temper, a poor loser who would sulk if he missed a ten-meterputt, ..."

Past participle is basically non-existent for semantic/pragmatic reasons.

• försura
• syra (“make (more) sour”)

From Arabic سُورَة (sūra, “chapter of the Qur'an”).

sura c

1. sura (chapter of the Qur'an)
   • 2004, Göteborgsposten - Nu skall den ene vara den andres fiende‎^[3]:

     Koranens 21:a sura berättar att Abraham irriterades över sin pappas och dennes underlydandes avgudadyrkan:...

     "The 21st sura of the Qur'an relates that Abraham was irritated by the idolatry of his daddy and his employees:...

• Koranen (“the Qur'an”)

• sura in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• sura in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• sura in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

• rusa

Borrowed from Arabic سُورَة (sūra, “chapter of the Qur'an”).

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈsuɾa/ [ˈsuː.ɾɐ]
• Rhymes: -uɾa
• Syllabification: su‧ra

sura (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜇ) (Islam)

1. sura (chapter of the Qur'an)

• surah

Borrowed from Spanish zurrar, of onomatopoeic origin.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /suˈɾa/ [sʊˈɾa]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: su‧ra

surá (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜇ)

1. rubbing or working of hides before dyeing; tanning

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈsuɾaʔ/ [ˈsuː.ɾɐʔ]
• Rhymes: -uɾaʔ
• Syllabification: su‧ra

surà (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜇ) (obsolete)

1. work; load; responsibility

   Synonyms: gawain, tungkulin, trabaho

• “sura”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
• Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972), Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 603

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

sura

1. to count

• Fransiskus Monteiro (1985), Kamus Tetun-Indonesia [Tetum-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

Borrowed from Arabic سُورَة (sūra, “chapter of the Qur'an”).

sura (plural suralar)

1. (Islam) sura

sura

1. lion

• Beria-English English-Beria Dictionary [provisional] ADESK, Iriba, Kobe Department, Chad