sulam
See also: sulām
Malay
Etymology
From Proto-Malayic *sulam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sulam (“to pierce with a needle”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sulam/
- Rhymes: -ulam, -lam, -am
Verb
sulam (Jawi spelling سولم)
- to embroider (to stitch a decorative design on fabric with needle and thread).
- Ibu sedang menyulam bunga pada baju kurung itu. ― Mother is embroidering flowers on the Baju Kurung.
- (figuratively) to intersperse; to weave in; to supplement.
- Ucapannya disulam dengan jenaka. ― His speech was interspersed with jokes.
- (agriculture) to replant; to replace (dead plants or seeds to fill gaps in a crop).
- Petani itu sedang menyulam anak padi yang mati. ― The farmer is replanting the rice seedlings that died.
Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations
Regular affixed derivations:
- penyulam [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- penyulaman [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
- sulaman [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
- menyulam [agent focus] (meN-)
- disulam [patient focus] (di-)
- bersulam [stative / habitual] (beR-)
- bersulamkan [stative / habitual + causative benefactive] (beR- + -kan)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
- sulam-menyulam
- sulam padu
Descendants
- Indonesian: sulam
References
- “sulam”, in Kamus Dewan [The Institute Dictionary] (in Malay), Fourth edition, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2005, →ISBN
- "sulam" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
Tagalog
Alternative forms
- solam — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sulam (“pierce or remove with a needle”). Compare Central Bikol suram and Malay sulam.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈsulam/ [ˈsuː.lɐm]
- Rhymes: -ulam
- Syllabification: su‧lam
Noun
sulam (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜎᜋ᜔)
- (art) decorative work; needlework; embroidery (on mats, fabric, cloth, etc.)
Derived terms
See also
Further reading
- “sulam”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
- Serrano Laktaw, Pedro (1914), Diccionario tagálog-hispano (overall work in Tagalog and Spanish), Intramuros, Manila: Ateneo de Manila., page 1201
- San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613), Vocabulario de lengua tagala. El romance castellano puesto primero. Primera, y segunda parte.[1] (overall work in Early Modern Spanish and Classical Tagalog), as directed by Gov. Gen. Juan de Silva, Pila, Laguna: La noble Villa de Pila, por Tomás Pinpin y Domingo Loag., page 380: “Labrar) Solam (pp) con ſeda floja y aguja”
Waray-Waray
Adjective
sulam