sindika

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-sindika (infinitive kusindika)

  1. to extract
  2. to shut (door or window)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -sindika
Positive present -nasindika
Subjunctive -sindike
Negative -sindiki
Imperative singular sindika
Infinitives
Positive kusindika
Negative kutosindika
Imperatives
Singular sindika
Plural sindikeni
Tensed forms
Habitual husindika
Positive past positive subject concord + -lisindika
Negative past negative subject concord + -kusindika
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasindika)
Singular Plural
1st person ninasindika/nasindika tunasindika
2nd person unasindika mnasindika
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anasindika wanasindika
other classes positive subject concord + -nasindika
Negative present (negative subject concord + -sindiki)
Singular Plural
1st person sisindiki hatusindiki
2nd person husindiki hamsindiki
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hasindiki hawasindiki
other classes negative subject concord + -sindiki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tasindika
Negative future negative subject concord + -tasindika
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -sindike)
Singular Plural
1st person nisindike tusindike
2nd person usindike msindike
3rd person m-wa(I/II) asindike wasindike
other classes positive subject concord + -sindike
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sisindike
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngesindika
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singesindika
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalisindika
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalisindika
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asindika)
Singular Plural
1st person nasindika twasindika
2nd person wasindika mwasindika
3rd person m-wa(I/II) asindika wasindika
m-mi(III/IV) wasindika yasindika
ji-ma(V/VI) lasindika yasindika
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chasindika vyasindika
n(IX/X) yasindika zasindika
u(XI) wasindika see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwasindika
pa(XVI) pasindika
mu(XVIII) mwasindika
Perfect positive subject concord + -mesindika
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshasindika
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jasindika
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kisindika
"If not" positive subject concord + -siposindika
Consecutive kasindika / positive subject concord + -kasindika
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kasindike
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nisindika -tusindika
2nd person -kusindika -wasindika/-kusindikeni/-wasindikeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -msindika -wasindika
m-mi(III/IV) -usindika -isindika
ji-ma(V/VI) -lisindika -yasindika
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kisindika -visindika
n(IX/X) -isindika -zisindika
u(XI) -usindika see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kusindika
pa(XVI) -pasindika
mu(XVIII) -musindika
Reflexive -jisindika
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -sindika- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -sindikaye -sindikao
m-mi(III/IV) -sindikao -sindikayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -sindikalo -sindikayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -sindikacho -sindikavyo
n(IX/X) -sindikayo -sindikazo
u(XI) -sindikao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -sindikako
pa(XVI) -sindikapo
mu(XVIII) -sindikamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -sindika)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yesindika -osindika
m-mi(III/IV) -osindika -yosindika
ji-ma(V/VI) -losindika -yosindika
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chosindika -vyosindika
n(IX/X) -yosindika -zosindika
u(XI) -osindika see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kosindika
pa(XVI) -posindika
mu(XVIII) -mosindika
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

  • Nominal derivations:

Tooro

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-tíndɪka.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /siˑndíka/

Verb

-sindika (infinitive okusindika) (transitive)

  1. to push
  2. to send

Conjugation

Conjugation of -sindika
infinitives
affirmative okusindika
negative okutasindika
imperatives
affirmative sindika
negative (see second-person negative subjunctive forms)
tense polarity basic forms relative forms1
present habitual affirmative
subject concord + -sindika
person noun class singular plural
first person nsindika tusindika
second person osindika musindika
third person 1/2 asindika basindika
3/4 gusindika esindika
5/6 lisindika gasindika
7/8 kisindika bisindika
9/10 esindika zisindika
11/10 rusindika
12/14 kasindika busindika
13 — tusindika
14/6 busindika gasindika
15/6 kusindika
16 hasindika —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -sindika
person noun class singular plural
first person tinsindika titusindika
second person tosindika timusindika
third person 1/2 tasindika tibasindika
3/4 tigusindika tesindika
5/6 tirisindika tigasindika
7/8 tikisindika tibisindika
9/10 tesindika tizisindika
11/10 tirusindika
12/14 tikasindika tibusindika
13 — titusindika
14/6 tibusindika tigasindika
15/6 tikusindika
16 tihasindika —
subject concord + -tasindika
present continuous affirmative
ni- + subject concord + -sindika
person noun class singular plural
first person ninsindika nitusindika
second person noosindika nimusindika
third person 1/2 naasindika nibasindika
3/4 nigusindika neesindika
5/6 nirisindika nigasindika
7/8 nikisindika nibisindika
9/10 neesindika nizisindika
11/10 nirusindika
12/14 nikasindika nibusindika
13 — nitusindika
14/6 nibusindika nigasindika
15/6 nikusindika
16 nihasindika —
subject concord + -rukusindika
negative
ti- + subject concord + -rukusindika
person noun class singular plural
first person tindukusindika titurukusindika
second person torukusindika timurukusindika
third person 1/2 tarukusindika tibarukusindika
3/4 tigurukusindika terukusindika
5/6 tirirukusindika tigarukusindika
7/8 tikirukusindika tibirukusindika
9/10 terukusindika tizirukusindika
11/10 tirurukusindika
12/14 tikarukusindika tiburukusindika
13 — titurukusindika
14/6 tiburukusindika tigarukusindika
15/6 tikurukusindika
16 tiharukusindika —
subject concord + -tarukusindika
present continuative affirmative
ni- + subject concord + -kyasindika
person noun class singular plural
first person ninkyasindika nitukyasindika
second person nookyasindika nimukyasindika
third person 1/2 naakyasindika nibakyasindika
3/4 nigukyasindika neekyasindika
5/6 nirikyasindika nigakyasindika
7/8 nikikyasindika nibikyasindika
9/10 neekyasindika nizikyasindika
11/10 nirukyasindika
12/14 nikakyasindika nibukyasindika
13 — nitukyasindika
14/6 nibukyasindika nigakyasindika
15/6 nikukyasindika
16 nihakyasindika —
subject concord + -rukukyasindika
negative
ti- + subject concord + -kyasindika
person noun class singular plural
first person tinkyasindika titukyasindika
second person tokyasindika timukyasindika
third person 1/2 takyasindika tibakyasindika
3/4 tigukyasindika tekyasindika
5/6 tirikyasindika tigakyasindika
7/8 tikikyasindika tibikyasindika
9/10 tekyasindika tizikyasindika
11/10 tirukyasindika
12/14 tikakyasindika tibukyasindika
13 — titukyasindika
14/6 tibukyasindika tigakyasindika
15/6 tikukyasindika
16 tihakyasindika —
subject concord + -takyasindika
virtual present affirmative
subject concord + -asindika
person noun class singular plural
first person nasindika twasindika
second person wasindika mwasindika
third person 1/2 yasindika baasindika
3/4 gwasindika yasindika
5/6 lyasindika gaasindika
7/8 kyasindika byasindika
9/10 yasindika zaasindika
11/10 rwasindika
12/14 kaasindika bwasindika
13 — twasindika
14/6 bwasindika gaasindika
15/6 kwasindika
16 haasindika —
negative
ti- + subject concord + asindika
person noun class singular plural
first person tinasindika titwasindika
second person tiwasindika timwasindika
third person 1/2 tiyasindika tibaasindika
3/4 tigwasindika tiyasindika
5/6 tiryasindika tigaasindika
7/8 tikyasindika tibyasindika
9/10 tiyasindika tizaasindika
11/10 tirwasindika
12/14 tikaasindika tibwasindika
13 — titwasindika
14/6 tibwasindika tigaasindika
15/6 tikwasindika
16 tihaasindika —
subject concord + -taasindika
present perfect affirmative
subject concord + -sindikire
person noun class singular plural
first person nsindikire tusindikire
second person osindikire musindikire
third person 1/2 asindikire basindikire
3/4 gusindikire esindikire
5/6 lisindikire gasindikire
7/8 kisindikire bisindikire
9/10 esindikire zisindikire
11/10 rusindikire
12/14 kasindikire busindikire
13 — tusindikire
14/6 busindikire gasindikire
15/6 kusindikire
16 hasindikire —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -sindikire
person noun class singular plural
first person tinsindikire titusindikire
second person tosindikire timusindikire
third person 1/2 tasindikire tibasindikire
3/4 tigusindikire tesindikire
5/6 tirisindikire tigasindikire
7/8 tikisindikire tibisindikire
9/10 tesindikire tizisindikire
11/10 tirusindikire
12/14 tikasindikire tibusindikire
13 — titusindikire
14/6 tibusindikire tigasindikire
15/6 tikusindikire
16 tihasindikire —
subject concord + -tasindikire
near perfective affirmative
subject concord + -akasindika
person noun class singular plural
first person nakasindika twakasindika
second person wakasindika mwakasindika
third person 1/2 yakasindika baakasindika
3/4 gwakasindika yakasindika
5/6 lyakasindika gaakasindika
7/8 kyakasindika byakasindika
9/10 yakasindika zaakasindika
11/10 rwakasindika
12/14 kaakasindika bwakasindika
13 — twakasindika
14/6 bwakasindika gaakasindika
15/6 kwakasindika
16 haakasindika —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -kasindikire
person noun class singular plural
first person tinkasindikire titukasindikire
second person tokasindikire timukasindikire
third person 1/2 takasindikire tibakasindikire
3/4 tigukasindikire tekasindikire
5/6 tirikasindikire tigakasindikire
7/8 tikikasindikire tibikasindikire
9/10 tekasindikire tizikasindikire
11/10 tirukasindikire
12/14 tikakasindikire tibukasindikire
13 — titukasindikire
14/6 tibukasindikire tigakasindikire
15/6 tikukasindikire
16 tihakasindikire —
subject concord + -takasindikire
near past affirmative
subject concord + -sindikirege
person noun class singular plural
first person nsindikirege tusindikirege
second person osindikirege musindikirege
third person 1/2 asindikirege basindikirege
3/4 gusindikirege esindikirege
5/6 lisindikirege gasindikirege
7/8 kisindikirege bisindikirege
9/10 esindikirege zisindikirege
11/10 rusindikirege
12/14 kasindikirege busindikirege
13 — tusindikirege
14/6 busindikirege gasindikirege
15/6 kusindikirege
16 hasindikirege —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -sindikirege
person noun class singular plural
first person tinsindikirege titusindikirege
second person tosindikirege timusindikirege
third person 1/2 tasindikirege tibasindikirege
3/4 tigusindikirege tesindikirege
5/6 tirisindikirege tigasindikirege
7/8 tikisindikirege tibisindikirege
9/10 tesindikirege tizisindikirege
11/10 tirusindikirege
12/14 tikasindikirege tibusindikirege
13 — titusindikirege
14/6 tibusindikirege tigasindikirege
15/6 tikusindikirege
16 tihasindikirege —
subject concord + -tasindikirege
remote past affirmative
subject concord + -kasindika
person noun class singular plural
first person nkasindika tukasindika
second person okasindika mukasindika
third person 1/2 akasindika bakasindika
3/4 gukasindika ekasindika
5/6 likasindika gakasindika
7/8 kikasindika bikasindika
9/10 ekasindika zikasindika
11/10 rukasindika
12/14 kakasindika bukasindika
13 — tukasindika
14/6 bukasindika gakasindika
15/6 kukasindika
16 hakasindika —
subject concord + -asindikire
negative
subject concord + -tasindike
person noun class singular plural
first person ntasindike tutasindike
second person otasindike mutasindike
third person 1/2 atasindike batasindike
3/4 gutasindike etasindike
5/6 litasindike gatasindike
7/8 kitasindike bitasindike
9/10 etasindike ziitasindike
11/10 rutasindike
12/14 katasindike butasindike
13 — tutasindike
14/6 butasindike gatasindike
15/6 kutasindike
16 hatasindike —
subject concord + -tarasindikire
experiential perfective affirmative
subject concord + -rasindikire
person noun class singular plural
first person ndasindikire turasindikire
second person orasindikire murasindikire
third person 1/2 arasindikire barasindikire
3/4 gurasindikire erasindikire
5/6 lirasindikire garasindikire
7/8 kirasindikire birasindikire
9/10 erasindikire zirasindikire
11/10 rurasindikire
12/14 karasindikire burasindikire
13 — turasindikire
14/6 burasindikire garasindikire
15/6 kurasindikire
16 harasindikire —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -kasindikaga
person noun class singular plural
first person tinkasindikaga titukasindikaga
second person tokasindikaga timukasindikaga
third person 1/2 takasindikaga tibakasindikaga
3/4 tigukasindikaga tekasindikaga
5/6 tirikasindikaga tigakasindikaga
7/8 tikikasindikaga tibikasindikaga
9/10 tekasindikaga tizikasindikaga
11/10 tirukasindikaga
12/14 tikakasindikaga tibukasindikaga
13 — titukasindikaga
14/6 tibukasindikaga tigakasindikaga
15/6 tikukasindikaga
16 tihakasindikaga —
subject concord + -takasindikaga
cessative perfective affirmative
subject concord + -aasindikire
person noun class singular plural
first person naasindikire twasindikire
second person waasindikire mwasindikire
third person 1/2 yaasindikire baasindikire
3/4 gwasindikire yaasindikire
5/6 lyasindikire gaasindikire
7/8 kyasindikire byasindikire
9/10 yaasindikire zaasindikire
11/10 rwasindikire
12/14 kaasindikire bwasindikire
13 — twasindikire
14/6 bwasindikire gaasindikire
15/6 kwasindikire
16 haasindikire —
past habitual affirmative
subject concord + -asindikaga
person noun class singular plural
first person nasindikaga twasindikaga
second person wasindikaga mwasindikaga
third person 1/2 yasindikaga baasindikaga
3/4 gwasindikaga yasindikaga
5/6 lyasindikaga gaasindikaga
7/8 kyasindikaga byasindikaga
9/10 yasindikaga zaasindikaga
11/10 rwasindikaga
12/14 kaasindikaga bwasindikaga
13 — twasindikaga
14/6 bwasindikaga gaasindikaga
15/6 kwasindikaga
16 haasindikaga —
negative
ti- + subject concord + asindikaga
person noun class singular plural
first person tinasindikaga titwasindikaga
second person tiwasindikaga timwasindikaga
third person 1/2 tiyasindikaga tibaasindikaga
3/4 tigwasindikaga tiyasindikaga
5/6 tiryasindikaga tigaasindikaga
7/8 tikyasindikaga tibyasindikaga
9/10 tiyasindikaga tizaasindikaga
11/10 tirwasindikaga
12/14 tikaasindikaga tibwasindikaga
13 — titwasindikaga
14/6 tibwasindikaga tigaasindikaga
15/6 tikwasindikaga
16 tihaasindikaga —
subject concord + -taasindikaga
near future affirmative
subject concord + -raasindika
person noun class singular plural
first person ndaasindika turaasindika
second person oraasindika muraasindika
third person 1/2 araasindika baraasindika
3/4 guraasindika eraasindika
5/6 liraasindika garaasindika
7/8 kiraasindika biraasindika
9/10 eraasindika ziraasindika
11/10 ruraasindika
12/14 karaasindika buraasindika
13 — turaasindika
14/6 buraasindika garaasindika
15/6 kuraasindika
16 haraasindika —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -aasindike
person noun class singular plural
first person tinaasindike titwasindike
second person tiwaasindike timwasindike
third person 1/2 tiyaasindike tibaasindike
3/4 tigwasindike tiyaasindike
5/6 tiryasindike tigaasindike
7/8 tikyasindike tibyasindike
9/10 tiyaasindike tizaasindike
11/10 tirwasindike
12/14 tikaasindike tibwasindike
13 — titwasindike
14/6 tibwasindike tigaasindike
15/6 tikwasindike
16 tihaasindike —
subject concord + -taasindike
remote future affirmative
subject concord + -lisindika
person noun class singular plural
first person ndisindika tulisindika
second person olisindika mulisindika
third person 1/2 alisindika balisindika
3/4 gulisindika erisindika
5/6 lirisindika galisindika
7/8 kirisindika birisindika
9/10 erisindika zirisindika
11/10 rulisindika
12/14 kalisindika bulisindika
13 — tulisindika
14/6 bulisindika galisindika
15/6 kulisindika
16 halisindika —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -lisindika
person noun class singular plural
first person tindisindika titulisindika
second person tolisindika timulisindika
third person 1/2 talisindika tibalisindika
3/4 tigulisindika terisindika
5/6 tiririsindika tigalisindika
7/8 tikirisindika tibirisindika
9/10 terisindika tizirisindika
11/10 tirulisindika
12/14 tikalisindika tibulisindika
13 — titulisindika
14/6 tibulisindika tigalisindika
15/6 tikulisindika
16 tihalisindika —
subject concord + -talisindika
future habitual affirmative
subject concord + -raasindikaga
person noun class singular plural
first person ndaasindikaga turaasindikaga
second person oraasindikaga muraasindikaga
third person 1/2 araasindikaga baraasindikaga
3/4 guraasindikaga eraasindikaga
5/6 liraasindikaga garaasindikaga
7/8 kiraasindikaga biraasindikaga
9/10 eraasindikaga ziraasindikaga
11/10 ruraasindikaga
12/14 karaasindikaga buraasindikaga
13 — turaasindikaga
14/6 buraasindikaga garaasindikaga
15/6 kuraasindikaga
16 haraasindikaga —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -aasindikege
person noun class singular plural
first person tinaasindikege titwasindikege
second person tiwaasindikege timwasindikege
third person 1/2 tiyaasindikege tibaasindikege
3/4 tigwasindikege tiyaasindikege
5/6 tiryasindikege tigaasindikege
7/8 tikyasindikege tibyasindikege
9/10 tiyaasindikege tizaasindikege
11/10 tirwasindikege
12/14 tikaasindikege tibwasindikege
13 — titwasindikege
14/6 tibwasindikege tigaasindikege
15/6 tikwasindikege
16 tihaasindikege —
subject concord + -taasindikege
subjunctive affirmative
subject concord + sindike
person noun class singular plural
first person nsindike tusindike
second person osindike musindike
third person 1/2 asindike basindike
3/4 gusindike esindike
5/6 lisindike gasindike
7/8 kisindike bisindike
9/10 esindike zisindike
11/10 rusindike
12/14 kasindike busindike
13 — tusindike
14/6 busindike gasindike
15/6 kusindike
16 hasindike —
negative
subject concord + -tasindika
person noun class singular plural
first person ntasindika tutasindika
second person otasindika mutasindika
third person 1/2 atasindika batasindika
3/4 gutasindika etasindika
5/6 litasindika gatasindika
7/8 kitasindika bitasindika
9/10 etasindika zitasindika
11/10 rutasindika
12/14 katasindika butasindika
13 — tutasindika
14/6 butasindika gatasindika
15/6 kutasindika
16 hatasindika —
—
subjunctive habitual affirmative
subject concord + sindikege
person noun class singular plural
first person nsindikege tusindikege
second person osindikege musindikege
third person 1/2 asindikege basindikege
3/4 gusindikege esindikege
5/6 lisindikege gasindikege
7/8 kisindikege bisindikege
9/10 esindikege zisindikege
11/10 rusindikege
12/14 kasindikege busindikege
13 — tusindikege
14/6 busindikege gasindikege
15/6 kusindikege
16 hasindikege —
hypothetical affirmative
subject concord + -aakusindika
person noun class singular plural
first person naakusindika twakusindika
second person waakusindika mwakusindika
third person 1/2 yaakusindika baakusindika
3/4 gwakusindika yaakusindika
5/6 lyakusindika gaakusindika
7/8 kyakusindika byakusindika
9/10 yaakusindika zaakusindika
11/10 rwakusindika
12/14 kaakusindika bwakusindika
13 — twakusindika
14/6 bwakusindika gaakusindika
15/6 kwakusindika
16 haakusindika —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -aakusindika
person noun class singular plural
first person tinaakusindika titwakusindika
second person tiwaakusindika timwakusindika
third person 1/2 tiyaakusindika tibaakusindika
3/4 tigwakusindika tiyaakusindika
5/6 tiryakusindika tigaakusindika
7/8 tikyakusindika tibyakusindika
9/10 tiyaakusindika tizaakusindika
11/10 tirwakusindika
12/14 tikaakusindika tibwakusindika
13 — titwakusindika
14/6 tibwakusindika tigaakusindika
15/6 tikwakusindika
16 tihaakusindika —
subject concord + -taakusindika
conditional affirmative
subject concord + -aakusindikire
person noun class singular plural
first person naakusindikire twakusindikire
second person waakusindikire mwakusindikire
third person 1/2 yaakusindikire baakusindikire
3/4 gwakusindikire yaakusindikire
5/6 lyakusindikire gaakusindikire
7/8 kyakusindikire byakusindikire
9/10 yaakusindikire zaakusindikire
11/10 rwakusindikire
12/14 kaakusindikire bwakusindikire
13 — twakusindikire
14/6 bwakusindikire gaakusindikire
15/6 kwakusindikire
16 haakusindikire —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -aakusindikire
person noun class singular plural
first person tinaakusindikire titwakusindikire
second person tiwaakusindikire timwakusindikire
third person 1/2 tiyaakusindikire tibaakusindikire
3/4 tigwakusindikire tiyaakusindikire
5/6 tiryakusindikire tigaakusindikire
7/8 tikyakusindikire tibyakusindikire
9/10 tiyaakusindikire tizaakusindikire
11/10 tirwakusindikire
12/14 tikaakusindikire tibwakusindikire
13 — titwakusindikire
14/6 tibwakusindikire tigaakusindikire
15/6 tikwakusindikire
16 tihaakusindikire —
subject concord + -taakusindikire
object concords
person noun class singular plural
first person -nsindika -tusindika
second person -kusindika -basindika
third person 1/2 -musindika
3/4 -gusindika -gisindika
5/6 -lisindika -gasindika
7/8 -kisindika -bisindika
9/10 -gisindika -zisindika
11/10 -rusindika
12/14 -kasindika -busindika
13 — -tusindika
14/6 -busindika -gasindika
15/6 -kusindika
16 -hasindika —

1 The forms in this column are reduced relative forms; full relative forms require an augment before the subject concord.


Derived terms

  • Verbal derivations:
    • Applicative: -sindikira
    • Passive: -sindikwa

References

  • Kaji, Shigeki (2007), A Rutooro Vocabulary‎[1], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, pages 304, 319
  • Rubongoya, L. T. (2013), Katondogorozi y'Orunyoro-Rutooro n'Orungereza [Runyoro–Rutooro-English and English-Runyoro–Rutooro dictionary]‎[2], Kampala: Modrug Publishers, →ISBN, page 367
  • Entry 2934 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3
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