rynek

Czech

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech rynek, from Middle High German rinc (town square), originally ring,[1] from Old High German ring. Doublet of ring (boxing ring).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈrɪnɛk]
  • Rhymes: -ɪnɛk
  • Hyphenation: ry‧nek

Noun

rynek m inan

  1. (dated) square, an open space in a town [from 14th c.]
    Synonym: náměstí
    • 1877, Jakub Malý, “Kopidlno”, in Vlastenský slovník historický[2], Praha: Rohlíček & Sievers, pages 371–372:
      Roku 1506 v sobotu po sv. Václavě sťat jest na rynku Starého města Pražského mladý 24letý zeman Jan Kopidlanský, jenžto zabil jiného zemana Cukra z Tamfeldu.
      In 1506, on Saturday after the Saint Wenceslas day, young yeoman Jan Kopidlanský, who had killed another yeoman Cukr of Tamfeld, was executed on the square of the Old Town of Prague.

Declension

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2015), “ryn(e)k”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 608

Further reading

Old Czech

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German rinc (town square), originally ring,[1] from Old High German ring.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈrɨnɛk/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈrinɛk/

Noun

rynek m inan

  1. market, square (open area in the center of a town housing a public market)
  2. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
    1. wide city street; avenue, especially circular
  3. atrium (interior of the house, especially without a roof)

Declension

Descendants

  • Czech: rynek

References

  1. ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2015), “ryn(e)k”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 608

Old Polish

Etymology

    Borrowed from Middle High German rinc, from Old High German ring. First attested in 1400.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /rinɛk/
    • IPA(key): (15th CE) /rinɛk/

    Noun

    rynek m animacy unattested (related adjective rynkowy)

    1. (attested in Greater Poland) market, square (open area in the center of a town housing a public market)
      • 1888 [1400], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV[3], Greater Poland, page 79:
        Cso Potrasz Potraszowi dal rani, to mu ye dal, eze gi potkaw na rinku y dal mu naprzod rani
        [Czso Piotrasz Piotraszowi dał rany, to mu je dał, eże ji potkaw na rynku i dał mu naprzód rany]
    2. corruption

    Descendants

    References

    • Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “rynek”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
    • Mańczak, Witold (2017), “rynek”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
    • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “rynek 1”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
    • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “rynek”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

    Polish

    Etymology

      Inherited from Old Polish rynek. Doublet of ranga, ring, krąg, and kręg.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ˈrɘ.nɛk/
      • Audio:(file)
      • Rhymes: -ɘnɛk
      • Syllabification: ry‧nek

      Noun

      rynek m inan (diminutive ryneczek, related adjective rynkowy)

      1. market, marketplace (city square or other fairly spacious site where traders set up stalls and buyers browse the merchandise)
      2. (colloquial) marketplace (open area hosting a public market)
        Synonym: targowisko
      3. (economics, trading) market (formally organized system of trading in specified goods or effects)
      4. (economics, trading, colloquial) market (group of people dealing in trade)
      5. (obsolete) area (place designated for particular activities)

      Declension

      Derived terms

      Descendants

      Trivia

      According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), rynek is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 11 times in scientific texts, 16 times in news, 33 times in essays, 4 times in fiction, and 2 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 66 times, making it the 996th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

      References

      1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “rynek”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 512

      Further reading

      Silesian

      Etymology

        Inherited from Old Polish rynek.

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /ˈrɪ.nɛk/
        • Audio:(file)
        • Rhymes: -ɪnɛk
        • Syllabification: ry‧nek

        Noun

        rynek m inan (diminutive ryneczek)

        1. (trading) market, marketplace (open area in a town housing a public market)
        2. (trading) market (formally organized system of trading in specified goods or effects)

        Declension

        Declension of rynek
        singular plural
        nominative rynek rynki
        genitive rynku rynkōw
        dative rynkowi rynkōm
        accusative rynek rynki
        instrumental rynkym rynkami/rynkōma
        locative rynku rynkach
        vocative rynku rynki

        Further reading

        • rynek in silling.org
        • Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022), “rynek”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 130