roakade
Murui Huitoto
Etymology
From rote (“to sing”) + -akade.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɾɔakadɛ]
- Hyphenation: ro‧a‧ka‧de
Verb
roakade
Conjugation
| Nonfuture indicative | Future indicative | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| affirmative | negative | affirmative | negative | ||||||
| m | f | m | f | m | f | m | f | ||
| 1st sg | roakadɨkue | roakañedɨkue | 1st sg | roakaitɨkue | roakañeitɨkue | ||||
| 2nd sg | roakado | roakañedo | 2nd sg | roakaito | roakañeito | ||||
| 3rd sg anim1) | roakadɨmɨe | roakadɨñaiño | roakañedɨmɨe | roakañedɨñaiño | 3rd sg anim1) | roakaitɨmɨe | roakaitɨñaiño | roakañeitɨmɨe | roakañeitɨñaiño |
| 1st du | roakadɨkoko | roakadɨkaɨñaɨ | roakañedɨkoko | roakañedɨkaɨñaɨ | 1st du | roakaitɨkoko | roakaitɨkaɨñaɨ | roakañeitɨkoko | roakañeitɨkaɨñaɨ |
| 2nd du | roakadomɨko | roakadomɨñoɨ | roakañedomɨko | roakañedomɨñoɨ | 2nd du | roakaitomɨko | roakaitomɨñoɨ | roakañeitomɨko | roakañeitomɨñoɨ |
| 3rd du anim1) | roakadaɨmaiaɨ | roakadaɨñuaɨ | roakañedaɨmaiaɨ | roakañedaɨñuaɨ | 3rd du anim1) | roakaitaɨmaiaɨ | roakaitaɨñuaɨ | roakañeitaɨmaiaɨ | roakañeitaɨñuaɨ |
| 1st pl | roakadɨkaɨ | roakañedɨkaɨ | 1st pl | roakaitɨkaɨ | roakañeitɨkaɨ | ||||
| 2nd pl | roakadomoɨ | roakañedomoɨ | 2nd pl | roakaitomoɨ | roakañeitomoɨ | ||||
| 3rd pl anim1) | roakadɨmakɨ | roakañedɨmakɨ | 3rd pl anim1) | roakaitɨmakɨ | roakañeitɨmakɨ | ||||
| 3rd neut | roakade | roakañede | 3rd neut | roakaite | roakañeite | ||||
| Imperative | Apprehensive | Future event | Passive | Negative passive | Overlap | ||||
| simple | immediate | prohibitive | nonfuture | future | nonfuture | future | |||
| roaka! roakano! |
roakanokai! | roakañeno! | roakaiza! | roakaye | — | — | — | — | roakakana |
| Conditional | |||||||||
| real | hypothetical | immediate | negative | ||||||
| roakaia | roakana | roakakaina | roakañenia | ||||||
1) The animate 3rd person inflections are only used when the animacy of the subject needs to be emphasised. Otherwise, the neutral 3rd singular is used.
*) Same-time forms may be formed from any indicative form by adding the ending -mo directly to the inflected form.
**) The evidentiality markers -dɨ, -za and -ta may be added to any indicative form.
References
- Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017), A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.[1], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 100