Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-pongeza (infinitive kupongeza)
- Causative form of -pongea: to congratulate
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -pongeza
|
| Positive present
|
-napongeza
|
| Subjunctive
|
-pongeze
|
| Negative
|
-pongezi
|
| Imperative singular
|
pongeza
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hupongeza
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lipongeza
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kupongeza
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -napongeza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninapongeza/napongeza
|
tunapongeza
|
| 2nd person
|
unapongeza
|
mnapongeza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anapongeza
|
wanapongeza
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -napongeza
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -pongezi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sipongezi
|
hatupongezi
|
| 2nd person
|
hupongezi
|
hampongezi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hapongezi
|
hawapongezi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -pongezi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tapongeza
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tapongeza
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -pongeze)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nipongeze
|
tupongeze
|
| 2nd person
|
upongeze
|
mpongeze
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apongeze
|
wapongeze
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -pongeze
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sipongeze
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngepongeza
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singepongeza
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalipongeza
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalipongeza
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apongeza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
napongeza
|
twapongeza
|
| 2nd person
|
wapongeza
|
mwapongeza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apongeza
|
wapongeza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wapongeza
|
yapongeza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lapongeza
|
yapongeza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chapongeza
|
vyapongeza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yapongeza
|
zapongeza
|
| u(XI)
|
wapongeza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwapongeza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
papongeza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwapongeza
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mepongeza
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshapongeza
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -japongeza
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kipongeza
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipopongeza
|
| Consecutive
|
kapongeza / positive subject concord + -kapongeza
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kapongeze
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nipongeza
|
-tupongeza
|
| 2nd person
|
-kupongeza
|
-wapongeza/-kupongezeni/-wapongezeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mpongeza
|
-wapongeza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-upongeza
|
-ipongeza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lipongeza
|
-yapongeza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kipongeza
|
-vipongeza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ipongeza
|
-zipongeza
|
| u(XI)
|
-upongeza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kupongeza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-papongeza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mupongeza
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jipongeza
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -pongeza- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-pongezaye
|
-pongezao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-pongezao
|
-pongezayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-pongezalo
|
-pongezayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-pongezacho
|
-pongezavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-pongezayo
|
-pongezazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-pongezao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-pongezako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pongezapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-pongezamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -pongeza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yepongeza
|
-opongeza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-opongeza
|
-yopongeza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lopongeza
|
-yopongeza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chopongeza
|
-vyopongeza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yopongeza
|
-zopongeza
|
| u(XI)
|
-opongeza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kopongeza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-popongeza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mopongeza
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms