Swahili
Verb
-oshwa (infinitive kuoshwa)
- Passive form of -osha
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -oshwa
|
| Positive present
|
-naoshwa
|
| Subjunctive
|
-oshwe
|
| Negative
|
-oshwi
|
| Imperative singular
|
oshwa
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kuoshwa
|
| Negative
|
kutooshwa
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
oshwa
|
| Plural
|
oshweni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huoshwa
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lioshwa
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuoshwa
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naoshwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaoshwa/naoshwa
|
tunaoshwa
|
| 2nd person
|
unaoshwa
|
mnaoshwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaoshwa
|
wanaoshwa
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naoshwa
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -oshwi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sioshwi
|
hatuoshwi
|
| 2nd person
|
huoshwi
|
hamwoshwi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haoshwi
|
hawaoshwi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -oshwi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taoshwa
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taoshwa
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -oshwe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nioshwe
|
tuoshwe
|
| 2nd person
|
uoshwe
|
mwoshwe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aoshwe
|
waoshwe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -oshwe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sioshwe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeoshwa
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeoshwa
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalioshwa
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalioshwa
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aoshwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naoshwa
|
twaoshwa
|
| 2nd person
|
waoshwa
|
mwaoshwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aoshwa
|
waoshwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waoshwa
|
yaoshwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laoshwa
|
yaoshwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaoshwa
|
vyaoshwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaoshwa
|
zaoshwa
|
| u(XI)
|
waoshwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaoshwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paoshwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaoshwa
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meoshwa
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaoshwa
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaoshwa
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kioshwa
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipooshwa
|
| Consecutive
|
kaoshwa / positive subject concord + -kaoshwa
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaoshwe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nioshwa
|
-tuoshwa
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuoshwa
|
-waoshwa/-kuoshweni/-waoshweni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwoshwa
|
-waoshwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uoshwa
|
-ioshwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lioshwa
|
-yaoshwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kioshwa
|
-vioshwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ioshwa
|
-zioshwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-uoshwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuoshwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paoshwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muoshwa
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jioshwa
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -oshwa- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-oshwaye
|
-oshwao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oshwao
|
-oshwayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-oshwalo
|
-oshwayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-oshwacho
|
-oshwavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-oshwayo
|
-oshwazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-oshwao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-oshwako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-oshwapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-oshwamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -oshwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeoshwa
|
-ooshwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ooshwa
|
-yooshwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-looshwa
|
-yooshwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chooshwa
|
-vyooshwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yooshwa
|
-zooshwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-ooshwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kooshwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pooshwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mooshwa
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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