onka

See also: -onka and -onką

Finnish

Etymology

From Swedish ånga (“steam”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈoŋkɑ/, [ˈo̞ŋkɑ̝]
Rhymes: -oŋkɑ
Syllabification^(key): on‧ka
Hyphenation^(key): on‧ka

Noun

onka (dialectal)

steam

Declension

Inflection of onka (Kotus type 10*G/koira, nk-ng gradation)
nominative		onka	ongat
genitive		ongan	onkien
partitive		onkaa	onkia
illative		onkaan	onkiin
		singular	plural
nominative		onka	ongat
accusative	nom.	onka	ongat
accusative	gen.	ongan	ongat
genitive		ongan	onkien onkain ^rare
partitive		onkaa	onkia
inessive		ongassa	ongissa
elative		ongasta	ongista
illative		onkaan	onkiin
adessive		ongalla	ongilla
ablative		ongalta	ongilta
allative		ongalle	ongille
essive		onkana	onkina
translative		ongaksi	ongiksi
abessive		ongatta	ongitta
instructive		—	ongin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of onka (Kotus type 10*G/koira, nk-ng gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		onkani	onkani
accusative	nom.	onkani	onkani
accusative	gen.	onkani	onkani
genitive		onkani	onkieni onkaini ^rare
partitive		onkaani	onkiani
inessive		ongassani	ongissani
elative		ongastani	ongistani
illative		onkaani	onkiini
adessive		ongallani	ongillani
ablative		ongaltani	ongiltani
allative		ongalleni	ongilleni
essive		onkanani	onkinani
translative		ongakseni	ongikseni
abessive		ongattani	ongittani
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	onkineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		onkasi	onkasi
accusative	nom.	onkasi	onkasi
accusative	gen.	onkasi	onkasi
genitive		onkasi	onkiesi onkaisi ^rare
partitive		onkaasi	onkiasi
inessive		ongassasi	ongissasi
elative		ongastasi	ongistasi
illative		onkaasi	onkiisi
adessive		ongallasi	ongillasi
ablative		ongaltasi	ongiltasi
allative		ongallesi	ongillesi
essive		onkanasi	onkinasi
translative		ongaksesi	ongiksesi
abessive		ongattasi	ongittasi
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	onkinesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		onkamme	onkamme
accusative	nom.	onkamme	onkamme
accusative	gen.	onkamme	onkamme
genitive		onkamme	onkiemme onkaimme ^rare
partitive		onkaamme	onkiamme
inessive		ongassamme	ongissamme
elative		ongastamme	ongistamme
illative		onkaamme	onkiimme
adessive		ongallamme	ongillamme
ablative		ongaltamme	ongiltamme
allative		ongallemme	ongillemme
essive		onkanamme	onkinamme
translative		ongaksemme	ongiksemme
abessive		ongattamme	ongittamme
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	onkinemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		onkanne	onkanne
accusative	nom.	onkanne	onkanne
accusative	gen.	onkanne	onkanne
genitive		onkanne	onkienne onkainne ^rare
partitive		onkaanne	onkianne
inessive		ongassanne	ongissanne
elative		ongastanne	ongistanne
illative		onkaanne	onkiinne
adessive		ongallanne	ongillanne
ablative		ongaltanne	ongiltanne
allative		ongallenne	ongillenne
essive		onkananne	onkinanne
translative		ongaksenne	ongiksenne
abessive		ongattanne	ongittanne
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	onkinenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		onkansa	onkansa
accusative	nom.	onkansa	onkansa
accusative	gen.	onkansa	onkansa
genitive		onkansa	onkiensa onkainsa ^rare
partitive		onkaansa	onkiaan onkiansa
inessive		ongassaan ongassansa	ongissaan ongissansa
elative		ongastaan ongastansa	ongistaan ongistansa
illative		onkaansa	onkiinsa
adessive		ongallaan ongallansa	ongillaan ongillansa
ablative		ongaltaan ongaltansa	ongiltaan ongiltansa
allative		ongalleen ongallensa	ongilleen ongillensa
essive		onkanaan onkanansa	onkinaan onkinansa
translative		ongakseen ongaksensa	ongikseen ongiksensa
abessive		ongattaan ongattansa	ongittaan ongittansa
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	onkineen onkinensa

Synonyms

höyry

Anagrams

kaon

Rwanda-Rundi

Verb

-ônka (infinitive (Rwanda) kônka or (Rundi) kwônka, perfective -ônse)

suckle, nurse at a breast

Tooro

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /óːŋka/

Etymology 1

Possibly related to Proto-Bantu *jèká (“only”) and/or Proto-Bantu *nkʊ̀ (“only”).

Adverb

-onka

only, alone, excluding others
inywe inywenka ― only you all

Inflection

Inflected forms of -onka

Person		Singular	Plural
1st person		nyenka	itwenka
2nd person		wenka	inywenka
3rd person	1/2	wenka	bonka
	3/4	gwonka	yonka
	5/6	lyonka	gonka
	7/8	kyonka	byonka
	9/10	yonka	zonka
	11/10	rwonka	zonka
	12/14	konka	bwonka
	13		twonka
	14/6	bwonka	gonka
	15/6	kwonka	gonka
	16	honka

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-jónka.

Verb

-onka (infinitive okwonka) (intransitive)

to suckle (to suck milk from a nursing mother)
Hyponym: -nuguna (“to suckle (of puppies)”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -onka

infinitives

affirmative

okwonka

negative

okutonka

imperatives

affirmative

yonka

negative

(see second-person negative subjunctive forms)

tense

polarity

basic forms

relative forms¹

present habitual

affirmative

*subject concord* + -onka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		nyonka	twonka
second person		oyonka	mwonka
third person	1/2	ayonka	bonka
	3/4	gwonka	eyonka
	5/6	lyonka	gonka
	7/8	kyonka	byonka
	9/10	eyonka	zonka
	11/10	rwonka	zonka
	12/14	konka	bwonka
	13	—	twonka
	14/6	bwonka	gonka
	15/6	kwonka	gonka
	16	honka	—

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + -onka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tinyonka	titwonka
second person		toyonka	timwonka
third person	1/2	tayonka	tibonka
	3/4	tigwonka	teyonka
	5/6	tiryonka	tigonka
	7/8	tikyonka	tibyonka
	9/10	teyonka	tizonka
	11/10	tirwonka	tizonka
	12/14	tikonka	tibwonka
	13	—	titwonka
	14/6	tibwonka	tigonka
	15/6	tikwonka	tigonka
	16	tihonka	—

subject concord + -tonka

present continuous

affirmative

ni- + *subject concord* + -onka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		ninyonka	nitwonka
second person		nooyonka	nimwonka
third person	1/2	naayonka	nibonka
	3/4	nigwonka	neeyonka
	5/6	niryonka	nigonka
	7/8	nikyonka	nibyonka
	9/10	neeyonka	nizonka
	11/10	nirwonka	nizonka
	12/14	nikonka	nibwonka
	13	—	nitwonka
	14/6	nibwonka	nigonka
	15/6	nikwonka	nigonka
	16	nihonka	—

subject concord + -rukwonka

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + -rukwonka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tindukwonka	titurukwonka
second person		torukwonka	timurukwonka
third person	1/2	tarukwonka	tibarukwonka
	3/4	tigurukwonka	terukwonka
	5/6	tirirukwonka	tigarukwonka
	7/8	tikirukwonka	tibirukwonka
	9/10	terukwonka	tizirukwonka
	11/10	tirurukwonka	tizirukwonka
	12/14	tikarukwonka	tiburukwonka
	13	—	titurukwonka
	14/6	tiburukwonka	tigarukwonka
	15/6	tikurukwonka	tigarukwonka
	16	tiharukwonka	—

subject concord + -tarukwonka

present continuative

affirmative

ni- + *subject concord* + -kyayonka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		ninkyayonka	nitukyayonka
second person		nookyayonka	nimukyayonka
third person	1/2	naakyayonka	nibakyayonka
	3/4	nigukyayonka	neekyayonka
	5/6	nirikyayonka	nigakyayonka
	7/8	nikikyayonka	nibikyayonka
	9/10	neekyayonka	nizikyayonka
	11/10	nirukyayonka	nizikyayonka
	12/14	nikakyayonka	nibukyayonka
	13	—	nitukyayonka
	14/6	nibukyayonka	nigakyayonka
	15/6	nikukyayonka	nigakyayonka
	16	nihakyayonka	—

subject concord + -rukukyayonka

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + -kyayonka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tinkyayonka	titukyayonka
second person		tokyayonka	timukyayonka
third person	1/2	takyayonka	tibakyayonka
	3/4	tigukyayonka	tekyayonka
	5/6	tirikyayonka	tigakyayonka
	7/8	tikikyayonka	tibikyayonka
	9/10	tekyayonka	tizikyayonka
	11/10	tirukyayonka	tizikyayonka
	12/14	tikakyayonka	tibukyayonka
	13	—	titukyayonka
	14/6	tibukyayonka	tigakyayonka
	15/6	tikukyayonka	tigakyayonka
	16	tihakyayonka	—

subject concord + -takyayonka

virtual present

affirmative

*subject concord* + -ayonka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		nayonka	twayonka
second person		wayonka	mwayonka
third person	1/2	yayonka	baayonka
	3/4	gwayonka	yayonka
	5/6	lyayonka	gaayonka
	7/8	kyayonka	byayonka
	9/10	yayonka	zaayonka
	11/10	rwayonka	zaayonka
	12/14	kaayonka	bwayonka
	13	—	twayonka
	14/6	bwayonka	gaayonka
	15/6	kwayonka	gaayonka
	16	haayonka	—

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + ayonka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tinayonka	titwayonka
second person		tiwayonka	timwayonka
third person	1/2	tiyayonka	tibaayonka
	3/4	tigwayonka	tiyayonka
	5/6	tiryayonka	tigaayonka
	7/8	tikyayonka	tibyayonka
	9/10	tiyayonka	tizaayonka
	11/10	tirwayonka	tizaayonka
	12/14	tikaayonka	tibwayonka
	13	—	titwayonka
	14/6	tibwayonka	tigaayonka
	15/6	tikwayonka	tigaayonka
	16	tihaayonka	—

subject concord + -taayonka

present perfect

affirmative

*subject concord* + -onkere
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		nyonkere	twonkere
second person		oyonkere	mwonkere
third person	1/2	ayonkere	bonkere
	3/4	gwonkere	eyonkere
	5/6	lyonkere	gonkere
	7/8	kyonkere	byonkere
	9/10	eyonkere	zonkere
	11/10	rwonkere	zonkere
	12/14	konkere	bwonkere
	13	—	twonkere
	14/6	bwonkere	gonkere
	15/6	kwonkere	gonkere
	16	honkere	—

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + -onkere
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tinyonkere	titwonkere
second person		toyonkere	timwonkere
third person	1/2	tayonkere	tibonkere
	3/4	tigwonkere	teyonkere
	5/6	tiryonkere	tigonkere
	7/8	tikyonkere	tibyonkere
	9/10	teyonkere	tizonkere
	11/10	tirwonkere	tizonkere
	12/14	tikonkere	tibwonkere
	13	—	titwonkere
	14/6	tibwonkere	tigonkere
	15/6	tikwonkere	tigonkere
	16	tihonkere	—

subject concord + -tonkere

near perfective

affirmative

*subject concord* + -akonka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		nakonka	twakonka
second person		wakonka	mwakonka
third person	1/2	yakonka	baakonka
	3/4	gwakonka	yakonka
	5/6	lyakonka	gaakonka
	7/8	kyakonka	byakonka
	9/10	yakonka	zaakonka
	11/10	rwakonka	zaakonka
	12/14	kaakonka	bwakonka
	13	—	twakonka
	14/6	bwakonka	gaakonka
	15/6	kwakonka	gaakonka
	16	haakonka	—

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + -konkere
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tinkonkere	titukonkere
second person		tokonkere	timukonkere
third person	1/2	takonkere	tibakonkere
	3/4	tigukonkere	tekonkere
	5/6	tirikonkere	tigakonkere
	7/8	tikikonkere	tibikonkere
	9/10	tekonkere	tizikonkere
	11/10	tirukonkere	tizikonkere
	12/14	tikakonkere	tibukonkere
	13	—	titukonkere
	14/6	tibukonkere	tigakonkere
	15/6	tikukonkere	tigakonkere
	16	tihakonkere	—

subject concord + -takonkere

near past

affirmative

*subject concord* + -onkerege
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		nyonkerege	twonkerege
second person		oyonkerege	mwonkerege
third person	1/2	ayonkerege	bonkerege
	3/4	gwonkerege	eyonkerege
	5/6	lyonkerege	gonkerege
	7/8	kyonkerege	byonkerege
	9/10	eyonkerege	zonkerege
	11/10	rwonkerege	zonkerege
	12/14	konkerege	bwonkerege
	13	—	twonkerege
	14/6	bwonkerege	gonkerege
	15/6	kwonkerege	gonkerege
	16	honkerege	—

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + -onkerege
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tinyonkerege	titwonkerege
second person		toyonkerege	timwonkerege
third person	1/2	tayonkerege	tibonkerege
	3/4	tigwonkerege	teyonkerege
	5/6	tiryonkerege	tigonkerege
	7/8	tikyonkerege	tibyonkerege
	9/10	teyonkerege	tizonkerege
	11/10	tirwonkerege	tizonkerege
	12/14	tikonkerege	tibwonkerege
	13	—	titwonkerege
	14/6	tibwonkerege	tigonkerege
	15/6	tikwonkerege	tigonkerege
	16	tihonkerege	—

subject concord + -tonkerege

remote past

affirmative

*subject concord* + -konka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		nkonka	tukonka
second person		okonka	mukonka
third person	1/2	akonka	bakonka
	3/4	gukonka	ekonka
	5/6	likonka	gakonka
	7/8	kikonka	bikonka
	9/10	ekonka	zikonka
	11/10	rukonka	zikonka
	12/14	kakonka	bukonka
	13	—	tukonka
	14/6	bukonka	gakonka
	15/6	kukonka	gakonka
	16	hakonka	—

subject concord + -ayonkere

negative

*subject concord* + -tonke
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		ntonke	tutonke
second person		otonke	mutonke
third person	1/2	atonke	batonke
	3/4	gutonke	etonke
	5/6	litonke	gatonke
	7/8	kitonke	bitonke
	9/10	etonke	ziitonke
	11/10	rutonke	ziitonke
	12/14	katonke	butonke
	13	—	tutonke
	14/6	butonke	gatonke
	15/6	kutonke	gatonke
	16	hatonke	—

subject concord + -tarayonkere

experiential perfective

affirmative

*subject concord* + -rayonkere
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		ndayonkere	turayonkere
second person		orayonkere	murayonkere
third person	1/2	arayonkere	barayonkere
	3/4	gurayonkere	erayonkere
	5/6	lirayonkere	garayonkere
	7/8	kirayonkere	birayonkere
	9/10	erayonkere	zirayonkere
	11/10	rurayonkere	zirayonkere
	12/14	karayonkere	burayonkere
	13	—	turayonkere
	14/6	burayonkere	garayonkere
	15/6	kurayonkere	garayonkere
	16	harayonkere	—

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + -konkaga
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tinkonkaga	titukonkaga
second person		tokonkaga	timukonkaga
third person	1/2	takonkaga	tibakonkaga
	3/4	tigukonkaga	tekonkaga
	5/6	tirikonkaga	tigakonkaga
	7/8	tikikonkaga	tibikonkaga
	9/10	tekonkaga	tizikonkaga
	11/10	tirukonkaga	tizikonkaga
	12/14	tikakonkaga	tibukonkaga
	13	—	titukonkaga
	14/6	tibukonkaga	tigakonkaga
	15/6	tikukonkaga	tigakonkaga
	16	tihakonkaga	—

subject concord + -takonkaga

cessative perfective

affirmative

*subject concord* + -aayonkere
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		naayonkere	twayonkere
second person		waayonkere	mwayonkere
third person	1/2	yaayonkere	baayonkere
	3/4	gwayonkere	yaayonkere
	5/6	lyayonkere	gaayonkere
	7/8	kyayonkere	byayonkere
	9/10	yaayonkere	zaayonkere
	11/10	rwayonkere	zaayonkere
	12/14	kaayonkere	bwayonkere
	13	—	twayonkere
	14/6	bwayonkere	gaayonkere
	15/6	kwayonkere	gaayonkere
	16	haayonkere	—

past habitual

affirmative

*subject concord* + -ayonkaga
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		nayonkaga	twayonkaga
second person		wayonkaga	mwayonkaga
third person	1/2	yayonkaga	baayonkaga
	3/4	gwayonkaga	yayonkaga
	5/6	lyayonkaga	gaayonkaga
	7/8	kyayonkaga	byayonkaga
	9/10	yayonkaga	zaayonkaga
	11/10	rwayonkaga	zaayonkaga
	12/14	kaayonkaga	bwayonkaga
	13	—	twayonkaga
	14/6	bwayonkaga	gaayonkaga
	15/6	kwayonkaga	gaayonkaga
	16	haayonkaga	—

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + ayonkaga
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tinayonkaga	titwayonkaga
second person		tiwayonkaga	timwayonkaga
third person	1/2	tiyayonkaga	tibaayonkaga
	3/4	tigwayonkaga	tiyayonkaga
	5/6	tiryayonkaga	tigaayonkaga
	7/8	tikyayonkaga	tibyayonkaga
	9/10	tiyayonkaga	tizaayonkaga
	11/10	tirwayonkaga	tizaayonkaga
	12/14	tikaayonkaga	tibwayonkaga
	13	—	titwayonkaga
	14/6	tibwayonkaga	tigaayonkaga
	15/6	tikwayonkaga	tigaayonkaga
	16	tihaayonkaga	—

subject concord + -taayonkaga

near future

affirmative

*subject concord* + -raayonka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		ndaayonka	turaayonka
second person		oraayonka	muraayonka
third person	1/2	araayonka	baraayonka
	3/4	guraayonka	eraayonka
	5/6	liraayonka	garaayonka
	7/8	kiraayonka	biraayonka
	9/10	eraayonka	ziraayonka
	11/10	ruraayonka	ziraayonka
	12/14	karaayonka	buraayonka
	13	—	turaayonka
	14/6	buraayonka	garaayonka
	15/6	kuraayonka	garaayonka
	16	haraayonka	—

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + -aayonke
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tinaayonke	titwayonke
second person		tiwaayonke	timwayonke
third person	1/2	tiyaayonke	tibaayonke
	3/4	tigwayonke	tiyaayonke
	5/6	tiryayonke	tigaayonke
	7/8	tikyayonke	tibyayonke
	9/10	tiyaayonke	tizaayonke
	11/10	tirwayonke	tizaayonke
	12/14	tikaayonke	tibwayonke
	13	—	titwayonke
	14/6	tibwayonke	tigaayonke
	15/6	tikwayonke	tigaayonke
	16	tihaayonke	—

subject concord + -taayonke

remote future

affirmative

*subject concord* + -lyonka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		ndyonka	tulyonka
second person		olyonka	mulyonka
third person	1/2	alyonka	balyonka
	3/4	gulyonka	eryonka
	5/6	liryonka	galyonka
	7/8	kiryonka	biryonka
	9/10	eryonka	ziryonka
	11/10	rulyonka	ziryonka
	12/14	kalyonka	bulyonka
	13	—	tulyonka
	14/6	bulyonka	galyonka
	15/6	kulyonka	galyonka
	16	halyonka	—

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + -lyonka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tindyonka	titulyonka
second person		tolyonka	timulyonka
third person	1/2	talyonka	tibalyonka
	3/4	tigulyonka	teryonka
	5/6	tiriryonka	tigalyonka
	7/8	tikiryonka	tibiryonka
	9/10	teryonka	tiziryonka
	11/10	tirulyonka	tiziryonka
	12/14	tikalyonka	tibulyonka
	13	—	titulyonka
	14/6	tibulyonka	tigalyonka
	15/6	tikulyonka	tigalyonka
	16	tihalyonka	—

subject concord + -talyonka

future habitual

affirmative

*subject concord* + -raayonkaga
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		ndaayonkaga	turaayonkaga
second person		oraayonkaga	muraayonkaga
third person	1/2	araayonkaga	baraayonkaga
	3/4	guraayonkaga	eraayonkaga
	5/6	liraayonkaga	garaayonkaga
	7/8	kiraayonkaga	biraayonkaga
	9/10	eraayonkaga	ziraayonkaga
	11/10	ruraayonkaga	ziraayonkaga
	12/14	karaayonkaga	buraayonkaga
	13	—	turaayonkaga
	14/6	buraayonkaga	garaayonkaga
	15/6	kuraayonkaga	garaayonkaga
	16	haraayonkaga	—

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + -aayonkege
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tinaayonkege	titwayonkege
second person		tiwaayonkege	timwayonkege
third person	1/2	tiyaayonkege	tibaayonkege
	3/4	tigwayonkege	tiyaayonkege
	5/6	tiryayonkege	tigaayonkege
	7/8	tikyayonkege	tibyayonkege
	9/10	tiyaayonkege	tizaayonkege
	11/10	tirwayonkege	tizaayonkege
	12/14	tikaayonkege	tibwayonkege
	13	—	titwayonkege
	14/6	tibwayonkege	tigaayonkege
	15/6	tikwayonkege	tigaayonkege
	16	tihaayonkege	—

subject concord + -taayonkege

subjunctive

affirmative

*subject concord* + onke
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		nyonke	twonke
second person		oyonke	mwonke
third person	1/2	ayonke	bonke
	3/4	gwonke	eyonke
	5/6	lyonke	gonke
	7/8	kyonke	byonke
	9/10	eyonke	zonke
	11/10	rwonke	zonke
	12/14	konke	bwonke
	13	—	twonke
	14/6	bwonke	gonke
	15/6	kwonke	gonke
	16	honke	—

negative

*subject concord* + -tonka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		ntonka	tutonka
second person		otonka	mutonka
third person	1/2	atonka	batonka
	3/4	gutonka	etonka
	5/6	litonka	gatonka
	7/8	kitonka	bitonka
	9/10	etonka	zitonka
	11/10	rutonka	zitonka
	12/14	katonka	butonka
	13	—	tutonka
	14/6	butonka	gatonka
	15/6	kutonka	gatonka
	16	hatonka	—

—

subjunctive habitual

affirmative

*subject concord* + onkege
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		nyonkege	twonkege
second person		oyonkege	mwonkege
third person	1/2	ayonkege	bonkege
	3/4	gwonkege	eyonkege
	5/6	lyonkege	gonkege
	7/8	kyonkege	byonkege
	9/10	eyonkege	zonkege
	11/10	rwonkege	zonkege
	12/14	konkege	bwonkege
	13	—	twonkege
	14/6	bwonkege	gonkege
	15/6	kwonkege	gonkege
	16	honkege	—

hypothetical

affirmative

*subject concord* + -aakwonka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		naakwonka	twakwonka
second person		waakwonka	mwakwonka
third person	1/2	yaakwonka	baakwonka
	3/4	gwakwonka	yaakwonka
	5/6	lyakwonka	gaakwonka
	7/8	kyakwonka	byakwonka
	9/10	yaakwonka	zaakwonka
	11/10	rwakwonka	zaakwonka
	12/14	kaakwonka	bwakwonka
	13	—	twakwonka
	14/6	bwakwonka	gaakwonka
	15/6	kwakwonka	gaakwonka
	16	haakwonka	—

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + -aakwonka
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tinaakwonka	titwakwonka
second person		tiwaakwonka	timwakwonka
third person	1/2	tiyaakwonka	tibaakwonka
	3/4	tigwakwonka	tiyaakwonka
	5/6	tiryakwonka	tigaakwonka
	7/8	tikyakwonka	tibyakwonka
	9/10	tiyaakwonka	tizaakwonka
	11/10	tirwakwonka	tizaakwonka
	12/14	tikaakwonka	tibwakwonka
	13	—	titwakwonka
	14/6	tibwakwonka	tigaakwonka
	15/6	tikwakwonka	tigaakwonka
	16	tihaakwonka	—

subject concord + -taakwonka

conditional

affirmative

*subject concord* + -aakwonkere
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		naakwonkere	twakwonkere
second person		waakwonkere	mwakwonkere
third person	1/2	yaakwonkere	baakwonkere
	3/4	gwakwonkere	yaakwonkere
	5/6	lyakwonkere	gaakwonkere
	7/8	kyakwonkere	byakwonkere
	9/10	yaakwonkere	zaakwonkere
	11/10	rwakwonkere	zaakwonkere
	12/14	kaakwonkere	bwakwonkere
	13	—	twakwonkere
	14/6	bwakwonkere	gaakwonkere
	15/6	kwakwonkere	gaakwonkere
	16	haakwonkere	—

negative

ti- + *subject concord* + -aakwonkere
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		tinaakwonkere	titwakwonkere
second person		tiwaakwonkere	timwakwonkere
third person	1/2	tiyaakwonkere	tibaakwonkere
	3/4	tigwakwonkere	tiyaakwonkere
	5/6	tiryakwonkere	tigaakwonkere
	7/8	tikyakwonkere	tibyakwonkere
	9/10	tiyaakwonkere	tizaakwonkere
	11/10	tirwakwonkere	tizaakwonkere
	12/14	tikaakwonkere	tibwakwonkere
	13	—	titwakwonkere
	14/6	tibwakwonkere	tigaakwonkere
	15/6	tikwakwonkere	tigaakwonkere
	16	tihaakwonkere	—

subject concord + -taakwonkere

object concords
person	noun class	singular	plural
first person		-nyonka	-twonka
second person		-kwonka	-bonka
third person	1/2	-mwonka	-bonka
	3/4	-gwonka	-gyonka
	5/6	-lyonka	-gonka
	7/8	-kyonka	-byonka
	9/10	-gyonka	-zonka
	11/10	-rwonka	-zonka
	12/14	-konka	-bwonka
	13	—	-twonka
	14/6	-bwonka	-gonka
	15/6	-kwonka	-gonka
	16	-honka	—

¹ The forms in this column are reduced relative forms; full relative forms require an augment before the subject concord.

Derived terms

Verbal derivations:
- Applicative: -onkera
- Short causative: -onkya
- Long causative: -onkesa

References

Kaji, Shigeki (2007), A Rutooro Vocabulary‎^[1], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, pages 268, 449
Rubongoya, L. T. (2013), Katondogorozi y'Orunyoro-Rutooro n'Orungereza [Runyoro–Rutooro-English and English-Runyoro–Rutooro dictionary]‎^[2], Kampala: Modrug Publishers, →ISBN, page 313
Entry 3293 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3
Entry 4906 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3
Entry 3577 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3

Yoruba

Etymology

From òǹ- (“nominalizing prefix”) +‎ kà (“to count”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ò.ŋ̀.kà/

Noun

òǹkà

number
Synonym: nọ́ḿbà
counter

Derived terms

òǹkapò (“ordinal number”)
òǹkaye (“cardinal number”)