kawal
See also: kawał
English
Noun
kawal (uncountable)
Amis
Noun
kawal
Indonesian
Etymology
Inherited from Malay kawal, from Tamil காவல் (kāval).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈkawal/ [ˈka.wal]
- Rhymes: -awal
- Syllabification: ka‧wal
Verb
kawal
- to look after
- Synonym: jaga
Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations
Regular affixed derivations:
- berkawal [stative / habitual] (beR-)
- mengawal [agent focus] (meN-)
- mengawali [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
- kawalan [repetition / reciprocity] (-an)
- pengawal [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- pengawalan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
Further reading
- “kawal”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016
Malay
Etymology
Borrowed from Tamil காவல் (kāval).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkawal/ [ˈka.wal]
- Rhymes: -awal, -wal, -al
- Hyphenation: ka‧wal
Verb
kawal (Jawi spelling کاول)
- (rare) to look after, to watch over
- to guard
- to control
Noun
kawal (Jawi spelling کاول, plural kawal-kawal or kawal2)
- (rare) watch person, patrol or guard; someone who watches over something
- care; supervision
- Synonyms: penjagaan, pengawasan
Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations
Regular affixed derivations:
- berkawal [stative / habitual] (beR-)
- mengawal [agent focus] (meN-)
- mengawali [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
- terkawal [agentless action] (teR-)
- kawalan [repetition / reciprocity] (-an)
- pengawalan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
- pengawal [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
- kawal selia (“to monitor”)
Descendants
References
- Pijnappel, Jan (1875), “کاول kaki”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 76
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1901), “کاول kaki”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, pages 496-7
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1932), “kawal”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 496
Further reading
- "kawal" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
- “kawal”, in Kamus Dewan [The Institute Dictionary] (in Malay), Fourth edition, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2005, →ISBN
Tagalog
Alternative forms
- caual — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling
Etymology
Borrowed from Malay kawal, from Tamil காவல் (kāval).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈkawal/ [ˈkaː.wɐl]
- Rhymes: -awal
- Syllabification: ka‧wal
Noun
kawal (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜏᜎ᜔)
- soldier; trooper
- Synonym: sundalo
- warrior
- Synonyms: mandirigma, gerero
- (colloquial) member; disciple; follower
- (by extension) advocate; supporter
- Synonyms: tagataguyod, tagatangkilik
- (obsolete) companion that helps others
- (obsolete) something that prevents bundling something for transport
Derived terms
- ikawal
- ipagkawal
- ipangawal
- kawal-pugante
- kawalan
- kawalin
- kumawal
- magkawal
- mangawal
- mapangawal
- pagkawalan
- pagkawalin
- pangkawal
Adjective
kawal (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜏᜎ᜔)
- (obsolete) indecisive; wavering
Further reading
- “kawal”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018