Swahili
Etymology
From kamili + -ika (stative affix).
Verb
-kamilika (infinitive kukamilika)
- Stative form of kamili: to be complete
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -kamilika
|
| Positive present
|
-nakamilika
|
| Subjunctive
|
-kamilike
|
| Negative
|
-kamiliki
|
| Imperative singular
|
kamilika
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kamilika
|
| Plural
|
kamilikeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukamilika
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likamilika
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukamilika
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakamilika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakamilika/nakamilika
|
tunakamilika
|
| 2nd person
|
unakamilika
|
mnakamilika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakamilika
|
wanakamilika
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakamilika
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -kamiliki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikamiliki
|
hatukamiliki
|
| 2nd person
|
hukamiliki
|
hamkamiliki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakamiliki
|
hawakamiliki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -kamiliki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takamilika
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takamilika
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kamilike)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikamilike
|
tukamilike
|
| 2nd person
|
ukamilike
|
mkamilike
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akamilike
|
wakamilike
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -kamilike
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikamilike
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekamilika
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekamilika
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikamilika
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikamilika
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akamilika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakamilika
|
twakamilika
|
| 2nd person
|
wakamilika
|
mwakamilika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akamilika
|
wakamilika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakamilika
|
yakamilika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakamilika
|
yakamilika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakamilika
|
vyakamilika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakamilika
|
zakamilika
|
| u(XI)
|
wakamilika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakamilika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakamilika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakamilika
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekamilika
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakamilika
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakamilika
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikamilika
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokamilika
|
| Consecutive
|
kakamilika / positive subject concord + -kakamilika
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakamilike
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nikamilika
|
-tukamilika
|
| 2nd person
|
-kukamilika
|
-wakamilika/-kukamilikeni/-wakamilikeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mkamilika
|
-wakamilika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ukamilika
|
-ikamilika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-likamilika
|
-yakamilika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kikamilika
|
-vikamilika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ikamilika
|
-zikamilika
|
| u(XI)
|
-ukamilika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kukamilika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakamilika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mukamilika
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jikamilika
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kamilika- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-kamilikaye
|
-kamilikao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-kamilikao
|
-kamilikayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-kamilikalo
|
-kamilikayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kamilikacho
|
-kamilikavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-kamilikayo
|
-kamilikazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-kamilikao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kamilikako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-kamilikapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-kamilikamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kamilika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekamilika
|
-okamilika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okamilika
|
-yokamilika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokamilika
|
-yokamilika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokamilika
|
-vyokamilika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokamilika
|
-zokamilika
|
| u(XI)
|
-okamilika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokamilika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokamilika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokamilika
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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