hníti
Old Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gňiti.
Pronunciation
Verb
hníti impf
Conjugation
Conjugation of hníti (class I)
| infinitive | supine | verbal noun |
|---|---|---|
| hníti | hnit | hnitie |
| present | imperative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | singular | dual | plural | |
| 1st person | hňú | hnievě (-va) | hniem (-me/-my) | — | hnívě (-va) | hníme (-my) |
| 2nd person | hnieš | hnieta | hniete | hní | hníta | hníte |
| 3rd person | hnie | hnieta | hňú | hní | hníta | hníte |
| aorist (sigmatic) | imperfect | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | singular | dual | plural | |
| 1st person | hnich | hnichově (-va) | hnichom (-me/-my) | hniech | hniechově (-va) | hniechom (-me/-my) |
| 2nd person | hni | hnista (-šta) | hniste (-šte) | hnieše | hniešta (-sta) | hniešte (-ste) |
| 3rd person | hni | hnista (-šta) | hnichu | hnieše | hniešta (-sta) | hniechu |
| l-participle | passive participle | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | singular | dual | plural | |
| masculine | hnil | hnila | hnili | — | — | — |
| feminine | hnila | hnile | hnily | — | — | — |
| neuter | hnilo | hnile | hnila | — | — | — |
| nt-participle | s-participle | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | singular | dual | plural | |
| masculine | hnie | hňúce | hniv | hnivše | ||
| feminine | hňúci | hnivši | ||||
| neuter | hnie, hňúci | hniv, hnivši | ||||
| compound forms | |
|---|---|
| perfect | Use the l-participle of hníti and the present tense of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. hnil jest |
| pluperfect | Use the l-participle of hníti and one of the past tenses of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. hnil bě/bieše/by / byl jest hnil |
| future | Use the infinitive of hníti and the future tense of býti or less often present tense of the auxiliary verb chtieti or jmieti e.g. bude/chce/jmá hníti |
| future perfect | Use the l-participle of hníti and the future tense of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. bude hnil |
| present conditional | Use the l-participle of hníti and the perfective aorist tense of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. hnil by |
| past conditional | Use the l-participle of hníti and the perfect tense of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. byl by hnil |
| continuous | Use the nt-participle of hníti and the appropriate tense of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. jest hnie, bude hnie |
Note: This table shows the most common forms of hníti around the 13th/14th century. See also Appendix:Old Czech verbs and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Derived terms
- hnilet
- hnilost
- hnilý
- pohníti
- shníti
- vyhniti
Descendants
- Czech: hnít
Further reading
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “hníti”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění