frithchaith
Irish
Etymology
From frith- (“counter-”) + caith (“throw, cast”).
Verb
frithchaith (present analytic frithchaitheann, future analytic frithchaithfidh, verbal noun frithchaitheamh, past participle frithchaite)
- (transitive) reflect
Conjugation
| indicative | singular | plural | direct relative | autonomous | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present | frithchaithim | frithchaitheann tú; frithchaithir† |
frithchaitheann sé, sí | frithchaithimid; frithchaitheann muid | frithchaitheann sibh | frithchaitheann siad; frithchaithid† |
a fhrithchaitheann; a fhrithchaitheas | frithchaitear |
| past | d'fhrithchaith mé; d'fhrithchaitheas / fhrithchaith mé‡; fhrithchaitheas‡ |
d'fhrithchaith tú; d'fhrithchaithis / fhrithchaith tú‡; fhrithchaithis‡ |
d'fhrithchaith sé, sí / fhrithchaith sé, sí‡ |
d'fhrithchaitheamar; d'fhrithchaith muid / fhrithchaitheamar‡; fhrithchaith muid‡ |
d'fhrithchaith sibh; d'fhrithchaitheabhair / fhrithchaith sibh‡; fhrithchaitheabhair‡ |
d'fhrithchaith siad; d'fhrithchaitheadar / fhrithchaith siad‡; fhrithchaitheadar‡ |
a d'fhrithchaith | frithchaitheadh |
| past habitual | d'fhrithchaithinn / frithchaithinn‡ |
d'fhrithchaiteá / frithchaiteᇠ|
d'fhrithchaitheadh sé, sí / frithchaitheadh sé, sí‡ |
d'fhrithchaithimis; d'fhrithchaitheadh muid / frithchaithimis‡; frithchaitheadh muid‡ |
d'fhrithchaitheadh sibh / frithchaitheadh sibh‡ |
d'fhrithchaithidís; d'fhrithchaitheadh siad / frithchaithidís‡; frithchaitheadh siad‡ |
a d'fhrithchaitheadh | d'fhrithchaití / frithchaití‡ |
| singular | plural | direct relative | autonomous | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| future | frithchaithfidh mé; frithchaithfead |
frithchaithfidh tú; frithchaithfir† |
frithchaithfidh sé, sí | frithchaithfimid; frithchaithfidh muid |
frithchaithfidh sibh | frithchaithfidh siad; frithchaithfid† |
a fhrithchaithfidh; a fhrithchaithfeas | frithchaithfear |
| conditional | d'fhrithchaithfinn / frithchaithfinn‡ |
d'fhrithchaithfeá / frithchaithfeᇠ|
d'fhrithchaithfeadh sé, sí / frithchaithfeadh sé, sí‡ |
d'fhrithchaithfimis; d'fhrithchaithfeadh muid / frithchaithfimis‡; frithchaithfeadh muid‡ |
d'fhrithchaithfeadh sibh / frithchaithfeadh sibh‡ |
d'fhrithchaithfidís; d'fhrithchaithfeadh siad / frithchaithfidís‡; frithchaithfeadh siad‡ |
a d'fhrithchaithfeadh | d'fhrithchaithfí / frithchaithfí‡ |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | direct relative | autonomous | ||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present | go bhfrithchaithe mé; go bhfrithchaithead† |
go bhfrithchaithe tú; go bhfrithchaithir† |
go bhfrithchaithe sé, sí | go bhfrithchaithimid; go bhfrithchaithe muid |
go bhfrithchaithe sibh | go bhfrithchaithe siad; go bhfrithchaithid† |
— | go bhfrithchaitear |
| past | dá bhfrithchaithinn | dá bhfrithchaiteá | dá bhfrithchaitheadh sé, sí | dá bhfrithchaithimis; dá bhfrithchaitheadh muid |
dá bhfrithchaitheadh sibh | dá bhfrithchaithidís; dá bhfrithchaitheadh siad |
— | dá bhfrithchaití |
| imperative | singular | plural | direct relative | autonomous | ||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| — | frithchaithim | frithchaith | frithchaitheadh sé, sí | frithchaithimis | frithchaithigí; frithchaithidh† |
frithchaithidís | — | frithchaitear |
| past participle | frithchaite | |||||||
| verbal noun | frithchaitheamh | |||||||
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
Derived terms
- frithchaiteach (“reflecting, reflective”, adjective)
- frithchaiteoir m (“reflector”)
- frith-chaithmhéadracht f (“reflectometry”)
Mutation
| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| frithchaith | fhrithchaith | bhfrithchaith |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “frithchaith”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959), “frithchaith”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “frithchaith”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2026