existimo

See also: existimó

Latin

Alternative forms

  • exīstumō

Etymology

From ex- +‎ aestimō.

Pronunciation

Verb

exīstimō (present infinitive exīstimāre, perfect active exīstimāvī, supine exīstimātum); first conjugation

  1. to value, or esteem, estimate, reckon, consider [with genitive of quality (rare)]
    Synonyms: aestimō, habeō, videō
    aliquid parvī exīstimāre ― to consider something as low
    • c. 200 BCE, Plautus, Mostellaria 1.1.73:
      Satin abiit neque quod dixi flocci existumat?
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • c. 206 BCE – 188 BCE, Plautus, Mercator 2.3.17–18:
      Nunc si dico ut res est atque illam mihi me
      emisse indico, quem ad modum existumet me?
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 121 CE, Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars Vita divi Augusti 40:
      Magni praeterea existimans sincerum atque ab omni colluvione peregrini ac servilis sanguinis incorruptum servare populum, et civitates Romanas parcissime dedit et manumittendi modum termi navit.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. to think, suppose, judge or consider [with accusative ‘something’; or with de (+ ablative) ‘about something’]
    Synonyms: putō, cōgitō, sentiō, arbitror, crēdō, reor, cōnsīderō, reputō, iūdicō, cēnseō
    • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.29:
      An, cum bellō vastābitur Ītalia, vexābuntur urbēs, tēcta ārdēbunt, tum tē nōn exīstumās invidiae incendiō cōnflagrātūrum?
      Or, when Italy will be ravaged by war, cities attacked, [and] homes are burning, do you not think that then [you] will be consumed by the fire of [public] hatred?

Conjugation

   Conjugation of exīstimō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present exīstimō exīstimās exīstimat exīstimāmus exīstimātis exīstimant
imperfect exīstimābam exīstimābās exīstimābat exīstimābāmus exīstimābātis exīstimābant
future exīstimābō exīstimābis exīstimābit exīstimābimus exīstimābitis exīstimābunt
perfect exīstimāvī exīstimāvistī,
exīstimāstī1 		exīstimāvit,
exīstimāt1 		exīstimāvimus,
exīstimāmus1 		exīstimāvistis,
exīstimāstis1 		exīstimāvērunt,
exīstimārunt,
exīstimāvēre1
pluperfect exīstimāveram,
exīstimāram1 		exīstimāverās,
exīstimārās1 		exīstimāverat,
exīstimārat1 		exīstimāverāmus,
exīstimārāmus1 		exīstimāverātis,
exīstimārātis1 		exīstimāverant,
exīstimārant1
future perfect exīstimāverō,
exīstimārō1 		exīstimāveris,
exīstimāris1 		exīstimāverit,
exīstimārit1 		exīstimāverimus,
exīstimārimus1 		exīstimāveritis,
exīstimāritis1 		exīstimāverint,
exīstimārint1
passive present exīstimor exīstimāris,
exīstimāre 		exīstimātur exīstimāmur exīstimāminī exīstimantur
imperfect exīstimābar exīstimābāris,
exīstimābāre 		exīstimābātur exīstimābāmur exīstimābāminī exīstimābantur
future exīstimābor exīstimāberis,
exīstimābere 		exīstimābitur exīstimābimur exīstimābiminī exīstimābuntur
perfect exīstimātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect exīstimātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect exīstimātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present exīstimem exīstimēs exīstimet exīstimēmus exīstimētis exīstiment
imperfect exīstimārem exīstimārēs exīstimāret exīstimārēmus exīstimārētis exīstimārent
perfect exīstimāverim,
exīstimārim1 		exīstimāverīs,
exīstimārīs1 		exīstimāverit,
exīstimārit1 		exīstimāverīmus,
exīstimārīmus1 		exīstimāverītis,
exīstimārītis1 		exīstimāverint,
exīstimārint1
pluperfect exīstimāvissem,
exīstimāssem1 		exīstimāvissēs,
exīstimāssēs1 		exīstimāvisset,
exīstimāsset1 		exīstimāvissēmus,
exīstimāssēmus1 		exīstimāvissētis,
exīstimāssētis1 		exīstimāvissent,
exīstimāssent1
passive present exīstimer exīstimēris,
exīstimēre 		exīstimētur exīstimēmur exīstimēminī exīstimentur
imperfect exīstimārer exīstimārēris,
exīstimārēre 		exīstimārētur exīstimārēmur exīstimārēminī exīstimārentur
perfect exīstimātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect exīstimātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — exīstimā — — exīstimāte —
future — exīstimātō exīstimātō — exīstimātōte exīstimantō
passive present — exīstimāre — — exīstimāminī —
future — exīstimātor exīstimātor — — exīstimantor
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present exīstimāre exīstimārī exīstimāns —
future exīstimātūrum esse exīstimātum īrī exīstimātūrus exīstimandus
perfect exīstimāvisse,
exīstimāsse1 		exīstimātum esse — exīstimātus
future perfect — exīstimātum fore — —
perfect potential exīstimātūrum fuisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
exīstimandī exīstimandō exīstimandum exīstimandō exīstimātum exīstimātū

1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

References

  • “existimo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “existimo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “existimo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • that is exactly what I think: ita prorsus existimo
    • (ambiguous) a (competent, intelligent, subtle) critic: existimator (doctus, intellegens, acerrimus)
  • existimo, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

Spanish

Verb

existimo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of existimar
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