cru

Abbreviation of English Carútana.

cru

1. (international standards, obsolete) Former ISO 639-3 language code for Carútana.

Borrowed from French cru (“growth”), from French crû, past participle of French croître (“grow”).

• IPA^(key): /kɹuː/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uː
• Homophones: crew, crewe, Crewe

cru (plural crus)

1. A vineyard or group of vineyards in France, especially one having a high reputation.
   • 2009, Ed McCarthy, Mary Ewing-Mulligan, Maryann Egan, Wine All-in-One For Dummies, page 218:

     Each cru has an official quality rating on a scale of 100: Grand cru vineyards all rate 100, and premier cru vineyards rank from 90 to 99 points.

Translated as growth in phrases such as “first growth” for premier cru.

• grand cru
• premier cru

cru (plural crus)

1. Alternative spelling of crew

• RUC, cur, ruc

Inherited from Latin crūdus (compare Occitan crus, French cru, Spanish crudo).

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈkɾu]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -u

cru (feminine crua, masculine plural crus, feminine plural crues)

1. raw

• cruesa

• “cru”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “cru” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Borrowed from French cru, from Middle French cru, from Old French [Term?], from Latin crūdus.

• IPA^(key): /kry/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: cru
• Rhymes: -y

cru (not comparable)

1. crude, coarse

• IPA^(key): /kʁy/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (Canada (Shawinigan)):

  (file)

• Homophones: crû, crue

Inherited from Middle French crud, from Old French cru, creu, from Latin crūdus (English crude).

cru (feminine crue, masculine plural crus, feminine plural crues)

1. raw (uncooked, unprocessed)

• crudité

• Haitian Creole: kri

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

cru (feminine crue, masculine plural crus, feminine plural crues)

1. past participle of croire

Nominal use of crû, past participle of croître.

cru m (plural crus)

1. growth
2. vineyard; vintage

• “cru”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese cruu, from Latin crūdus, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“raw meat, fresh blood”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɾu/

cru (feminine crúa, masculine plural crus, feminine plural crúas)

1. raw; unprocessed
   • 1295, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 152:

     acharedes en casa na mia ucha cinquoeenta uaras de lenço que seen ordidas et cinquo maranas de fiado cruu et tres de cozido

     you'll find in my home inside my chest fifty yards of woven cloth and five skeins of raw thread and three of boiled

2. (dated) cruel
   • 1348, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 316:

     Et, ãdando ambos muy fortes et muy cruus en sua batalla, ferindose muy sen piadade

     And, being both very strong and cruel in their battle, they hurt one another mercilessly

• cruel
• crueza
• decrúa
• decruar
• recruar

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “cruu”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “cruu”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cru”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cru”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cru”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Borrowed from French cru. Doublet of crudo.

• IPA^(key): /ˈkru/^*
• Rhymes: -u
• Hyphenation: crù

cru m (invariable)

1. cru (vineyard known for its quality without official rankings)

• creu

From Latin crudus.

cru m (oblique and nominative feminine singular crue)

1. raw (uncooked)

• Middle French: crud
  • French: cru

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cruu, from Latin crūdum. Compare Galician cru, Spanish and Italian crudo, French cru, and Romanian crud.

• Rhymes: -u
• Hyphenation: cru

cru (feminine crua, masculine plural crus, feminine plural cruas)

1. raw (uncooked, unprocessed)

• Guinea-Bissau Creole: kru

• “cru”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “cru”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026