Swahili
Verb
-buruza (infinitive kuburuza)
- Causative form of -burura: (Can we verify(+) this sense?) to drag, haul, pull something along (usually on the ground)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -buruza
|
| Positive present
|
-naburuza
|
| Subjunctive
|
-buruze
|
| Negative
|
-buruzi
|
| Imperative singular
|
buruza
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
buruza
|
| Plural
|
buruzeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huburuza
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liburuza
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuburuza
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naburuza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaburuza/naburuza
|
tunaburuza
|
| 2nd person
|
unaburuza
|
mnaburuza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaburuza
|
wanaburuza
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naburuza
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -buruzi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siburuzi
|
hatuburuzi
|
| 2nd person
|
huburuzi
|
hamburuzi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haburuzi
|
hawaburuzi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -buruzi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taburuza
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taburuza
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -buruze)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niburuze
|
tuburuze
|
| 2nd person
|
uburuze
|
mburuze
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aburuze
|
waburuze
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -buruze
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siburuze
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeburuza
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeburuza
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliburuza
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliburuza
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aburuza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naburuza
|
twaburuza
|
| 2nd person
|
waburuza
|
mwaburuza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aburuza
|
waburuza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waburuza
|
yaburuza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laburuza
|
yaburuza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaburuza
|
vyaburuza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaburuza
|
zaburuza
|
| u(XI)
|
waburuza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaburuza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paburuza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaburuza
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meburuza
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaburuza
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaburuza
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiburuza
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoburuza
|
| Consecutive
|
kaburuza / positive subject concord + -kaburuza
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaburuze
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niburuza
|
-tuburuza
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuburuza
|
-waburuza/-kuburuzeni/-waburuzeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mburuza
|
-waburuza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uburuza
|
-iburuza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liburuza
|
-yaburuza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiburuza
|
-viburuza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iburuza
|
-ziburuza
|
| u(XI)
|
-uburuza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuburuza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paburuza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muburuza
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiburuza
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -buruza- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-buruzaye
|
-buruzao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-buruzao
|
-buruzayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-buruzalo
|
-buruzayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-buruzacho
|
-buruzavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-buruzayo
|
-buruzazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-buruzao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-buruzako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-buruzapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-buruzamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -buruza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeburuza
|
-oburuza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oburuza
|
-yoburuza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loburuza
|
-yoburuza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choburuza
|
-vyoburuza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoburuza
|
-zoburuza
|
| u(XI)
|
-oburuza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koburuza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poburuza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moburuza
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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