Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic بَلَغَ (balaḡa).[1]
Pronunciation
Verb
-balehe (infinitive kubalehe)
- to reach puberty
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -balehe
|
| Positive present
|
-nabalehe
|
| Subjunctive
|
-balehe
|
| Negative
|
-balehe
|
| Imperative singular
|
balehe
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
balehe
|
| Plural
|
baleheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hubalehe
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -libalehe
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kubalehe
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nabalehe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninabalehe/nabalehe
|
tunabalehe
|
| 2nd person
|
unabalehe
|
mnabalehe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anabalehe
|
wanabalehe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nabalehe
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -balehe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sibalehe
|
hatubalehe
|
| 2nd person
|
hubalehe
|
hambalehe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
habalehe
|
hawabalehe
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -balehe
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tabalehe
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tabalehe
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -balehe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nibalehe
|
tubalehe
|
| 2nd person
|
ubalehe
|
mbalehe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
abalehe
|
wabalehe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -balehe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sibalehe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngebalehe
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singebalehe
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalibalehe
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalibalehe
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -abalehe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nabalehe
|
twabalehe
|
| 2nd person
|
wabalehe
|
mwabalehe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
abalehe
|
wabalehe
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wabalehe
|
yabalehe
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
labalehe
|
yabalehe
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chabalehe
|
vyabalehe
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yabalehe
|
zabalehe
|
| u(XI)
|
wabalehe
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwabalehe
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pabalehe
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwabalehe
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mebalehe
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshabalehe
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jabalehe
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kibalehe
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipobalehe
|
| Consecutive
|
kabalehe / positive subject concord + -kabalehe
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kabalehe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nibalehe
|
-tubalehe
|
| 2nd person
|
-kubalehe
|
-wabalehe/-kubaleheni/-wabaleheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mbalehe
|
-wabalehe
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ubalehe
|
-ibalehe
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-libalehe
|
-yabalehe
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kibalehe
|
-vibalehe
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ibalehe
|
-zibalehe
|
| u(XI)
|
-ubalehe
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kubalehe
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pabalehe
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mubalehe
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jibalehe
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -balehe- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-baleheye
|
-baleheo
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-baleheo
|
-baleheyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-balehelo
|
-baleheyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-balehecho
|
-balehevyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-baleheyo
|
-balehezo
|
| u(XI)
|
-baleheo
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-baleheko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-balehepo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-balehemo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -balehe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yebalehe
|
-obalehe
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-obalehe
|
-yobalehe
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lobalehe
|
-yobalehe
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chobalehe
|
-vyobalehe
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yobalehe
|
-zobalehe
|
| u(XI)
|
-obalehe
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kobalehe
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pobalehe
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mobalehe
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
References
- ^ Baldi, Sergio (30 November 2020), Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 38 Nr. 297